Identification and Related Records
- 【Name】
- Phosphorus tribromide
- 【Iupac name】
- tribromophosphane
- 【Registry number】
- 7789-60-8 (CAS DataBase Reference)
- 【Synonyms】
-
Phosphorus(III) bromide
Phosphoroustribromide
phosphorousbromide
phosphorusbromide[pbr3]
PHOSPHORUS BROMIDE
PHOSPHORIC (III) BROMIDE
tribromophosphine
Phosphorus(Ⅲ)bromide
extrema[qr]
PBr3
Phosphorous bromide
Phosphorous tribromide
- 【EINECS(EC#)】
- 232-178-2
- 【Molecular Formula】
- Br3P (Products with the same molecular formula)
- 【Molecular Weight】
- 270.69
- 【Inchi】
- InChI=1/Br3P/c1-4(2)3
- 【InChIKey】
- IPNPIHIZVLFAFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- 【Canonical SMILES】
- P(Br)(Br)Br
7789-60-8.mol
Chemical and Physical Properties
- 【Appearance】
- colorless to pale yellow liquid
- 【Density】
- 2.88
- 【Melting Point】
- -40℃
- 【Boiling Point】
- 175℃
- 【Refractive Index】
- 1.697
- 【Flash Point】
- °C
- 【Water】
- reacts
- 【Solubilities】
- decomposes
- 【Color/Form】
- Fuming colorless liquid
PALE YELLOW LIQUID
- 【Stability】
- Stable, but reacts violently with water. Incompatible with moisture, strong bases, strong oxidizing agents, reactive metals, acids, alcohols.
- 【Spectral properties】
- Index of refraction = 1.678 at 25 deg C
- 【Computed Properties】
- Molecular Weight:270.685761 [g/mol]
Molecular Formula:Br3P
XLogP3-AA:2.8
H-Bond Donor:0
H-Bond Acceptor:0
Rotatable Bond Count:0
Exact Mass:269.726728
MonoIsotopic Mass:267.728774
Topological Polar Surface Area:0
Heavy Atom Count:4
Formal Charge:0
Complexity:8
Isotope Atom Count:0
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count:0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count:0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count:0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count:0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count:1
Effective Rotor Count:0
Conformer Sampling RMSD:0.4
CID Conformer Count:1
Safety and Handling
- 【Hazard Codes】
- C:Corrosive
- 【Risk Statements】
- R14;R34;R37;R40
- 【Safety Statements 】
- S26;S36/37;S45
- 【HazardClass】
- 8
- 【Safety】
-
Probably highly toxic. A corrosive irritant to the eyes, skin, and mucous membranes. Will react with water, steam, or acids to produce heat, toxic and corrosive fumes. Violent reaction or ignition with calcium hydroxide + sodium carbonate, phenylpropanol, sulfuric acid, oleum, fluorosulfuric acid, chlorosulfuric acid, 1,1,1-tris(hydroxymethyl)methane, water, potassium, sodium, RuO4. When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of Br? and POx. See also PHOSPHIDES and BROMIDES.
Hazard Codes of Phosphorus tribromide (CAS NO.7789-60-8):?
C
Risk Statements: 34-37-40-14?
R34: Causes burns.?
R37: Irritating to respiratory system?
R40: Limited evidence of a carcinogenic effect.?
R14: Reacts violently with water.
Safety Statements:?26-45-36/37/39?
S26: In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice.?
S45: In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.)?
S36/37/39: Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection.
RIDADR: UN 3264 8/PG 2
WGK Germany: 2
RTECS: TH4460000
F: 21
HazardClass: 8
PackingGroup: II
- 【PackingGroup 】
- II
- 【Sensitive】
- Moisture Sensitive
- 【Skin, Eye, and Respiratory Irritations】
- ... Irritating eyes, skin, and respiratory system. Corrosive, Causes severe eye and skin burns. Fumes from fires are irritating to respiratory passages, eyes, skin, and may contain phosphine, phosphoric acid, hydrogen bromide.
Inhalation causes severe irritation of nose, throat, and lungs. Contact with eyes or skin causes severe burns.
- 【Cleanup Methods】
- Isolate the area until the release is under full control. Use water spray to cool and disperse vapors and protect personnel.
- 【Transport】
- UN 1808
- 【Fire Fighting Procedures】
- Not combustible, but if involved in a fire decomposes to produce hydrogen bromide, phosphoric acid, phosphine.
- 【Fire Potential】
- Not combustible, but if involved in a fire decomposes to produce hydrogen bromide, phosphoric acid, phosphine.
- 【DOT Emergency Guidelines】
- /GUIDE 137: SUBSTANCES - WATER-REACTIVE - CORROSIVE/ Health: CORROSIVE and/or TOXIC; inhalation, ingestion or contact (skin, eyes) with vapors, dusts or substance may cause severe injury, burns, or death. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Reaction with water may generate much heat which will increase the concentration of fumes in the air. Contact with molten substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution.
/GUIDE 137: SUBSTANCES - WATER-REACTIVE - CORROSIVE/ Fire or Explosion: ... Some of these materials may burn, but none ignite readily. May ignite combustibles (wood, paper, oil, clothing, etc.). Substance will react with water (some violently), releasing corrosive and/or toxic gases. Flammable/toxic gases may accumulate in confined areas (basement, tanks, hopper/tank cars etc.). Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Containers may explode when heated or if contaminated with water. Substance may be transported in a molten form.
/GUIDE 137: SUBSTANCES - WATER-REACTIVE - CORROSIVE/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number ... . As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75) feet for solids. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Keep out of low areas. Ventilate enclosed areas.
/GUIDE 137: SUBSTANCES - WATER-REACTIVE - CORROSIVE/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection. Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible.
/GUIDE 137: SUBSTANCES - WATER-REACTIVE - CORROSIVE/ Evacuation: ... Fire: If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.
/GUIDE 137: SUBSTANCES - WATER-REACTIVE - CORROSIVE/ Fire: When material is not involved in fire: do not use water on material itself. Small fires: Dry chemical or C02. Move containers from fire area if you can do it without risk. Large Fires: Flood fire area with large quantities of water, while knocking down vapors with water fog. If insufficient water supply: knock down vapors only. Fire involving tanks or car/trailer loads: Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. Do not get water inside containers. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank. ALWAYS stay away from tanks engulfed in fire.
/GUIDE 137: SUBSTANCES - WATER-REACTIVE - CORROSIVE/ Spill or Leak: Fully encapsulating, vapor protective clothing should be worn for spills and leaks with no fire. Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Use water spray to reduce vapors; do not put water directly on leak, spill area or inside container. Keep combustibles (wood, paper, oil, etc.) away from spilled material. Small spills: Cover with DRY earth, DRY sand, or other non-combustible material followed with plastic sheet to minimize spreading or contact with rain. Use clean non-sparking tools to collect material and place it into loosely covered plastic containers for later disposal. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.
/GUIDE 137: SUBSTANCES - WATER-REACTIVE - CORROSIVE/ First Aid: Move victim to fresh air. Call 911 or emergency medical service. Give artificial respiration if victim is not breathing. Do not use mouth-to-mouth method if victim ingested or inhaled the substance; give artificial respiration with the aid of a pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other proper respiratory medical device. Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult. Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes. In case of contact with substance, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes. For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin. Removal of solidified molten material from skin requires medical assistance. Keep victim warm and quiet. Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion or skin contact) to substance may be delayed. Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved and take precautions to protect themselves.
- 【Reactivities and Incompatibilities】
- Will react with water, steam or acids to produce heat, toxic and corrosive fumes.
Reacts violently with water, evolving hydrogen bromide, an irritating & corrosive gas apparent as white fumes.
Interaction with warm water is very rapid and may be violent with limited quantities.
During disposal of the tribromide by a recommended procedure involving slow addition of a mixture of soda ask (sodium carbonate) and dry slaked lime (calcium hydroxide), a violent reaction, accompanied by flame, occurred a few sec after the first drop. Cautious addition of the bromide to a large volume of ice water is suggested for disposal.
... Phosphorus tribromide may ... ignite with the /chromyl/ chloride.
Oxidation of the /phosphorus/ tribromide with gaseous oxygen is not easily controlled and becomes explosive.
Interaction /of phosphorus tribromide and ruthenium(VIII) (tetra)oxide/ is vigorously exothermic.
During dropwise addition of the bromide to the liquid alcohol, the mechanical stirrer stopped, presumably allowing a layer of the dense tribromide to accumulate below the alcohol. Later manual shaking caused an explosion, probably owing to the sudden release of gaseous hydrogen bromide on mixing.
... Mixture of potassium with ... phosphorus tribromide ... /is/ shock-sensitive, usually exploding violently on impact ...
Sodium floats virtually unchanged on phosphorus tribromide, but added drops of water caused a violent explosion ... The shock-sensitive mixtures of sodium with ... phosphorus tribromide ... gave violent explosions on impact ...
The tribromide is initially insoluble in 100% sulfuric acid, 25% oleum or fluorosulfuric acid, but violent exotherms occurred after contact for 11, 4 and 5 hr respectively. 65% Oleum reacts violently on contact, and chlorosulfuric acid vigorously after shaking.
Interaction to form the corresponding tribromomethyl cmpd is extremely hazardous, even using previously specified precautions. Several fires occurred in the effluent gases, and in reaction residues exposed to air, doubtless owing to phosphine or its derivatives.
During disposal of the tribromide by a recommended procedure involving slow addition of a mixture of soda ask (sodium carbonate) and dry slaked lime (calcium hydroxide), a violent reaction, accompanied by flame, occurred a few sec after the first drop.
- 【Other Preventative Measures】
- In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show label where possible).
SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.
Personnel protection: Avoid breathing vapors. Keep upwind. ... Avoid bodily contact with the material. ... Do not handle broken packages unless earing appropriate personal protective equipment. Wash away any material which may have contacted the body with copious amounts of water or soap and water. If contact with the material anticipated, wear appropriate chemical protect clothing.
If material not involved in fire: Keep material out of water sources and sewers. Build dikes to contain flow an necessary. Use water spray to knock-down vapors. Do not use water on material itself. Neutralize spilled material with crushed limestone, soda ash, or lime.
- 【Protective Equipment and Clothing】
- ... Self-contained breathing apparatus.
ACID-GAS CANISTER-TYPE MASK (FULL FACE TYPE FOR EMERGENCIES); CHEMICAL SAFETY GOGGLES; APRON, GLOVES, CLOTHING, & SAFETY SHOES ALL MADE FROM RUBBER.
- 【Specification】
-
Chemical Stability: Moisture sensitive.?
Conditions to Avoid: Incompatible materials, exposure to moist air or water.?
Incompatibilities with Other Materials Strong oxidizing agents.?
Hazardous Decomposition Products Carbon monoxide, oxides of phosphorus, carbon dioxide, hydrogen bromide.?
Hazardous Polymerization Has not been reported.
- 【Report】
-
Reported in EPA TSCA Inventory.
- 【Disposal Methods】
- SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.
Use and Manufacturing
- 【Use and Manufacturing】
- Methods of Manufacturing
All methods of preparation start from the elements. The reaction with white phosphorus is very violent, and the phosphorus is therefore dissolved in carbon disulfide or submerged in benzene.
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