Ammonium hydrogen difluoride

Molecular Weight：57.043206

Modify Date.: 2022-11-29 08:28

Introduction: Ammonium bifluoride solution is the white crystalline solid dissolved in water. Ammonium hydrogen difluoride is corrosive to metals and tissue. Ammonium hydrogen difluoride is used in ceramics. View more+

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1. Names and Identifiers

1.1 Name: Ammonium hydrogen difluoride
1.2 Synonyms: AMMONIUM BIFLUORIDE Ammonium bifluoride-crystal ammonium fluoride hydrofluoride Ammonium fluoride hydrofluoride (1:1:1) Ammonium Hydrogen Fluoride Ammonium hydrogen fluoride (1:1:2) ammoniumfluoridecompwithhydrogenfluoride(1:1) ammoniumhydrofluoride ammoniumhydrogenbifluoride EINECS 215-676-4 ETCHING POWDER fluorureacided’ammonium(french) hydrofluoric acid, fluoride, ammonium salt Hydrofluoric acid, fluoride, ammonium salt (1:1:1) MFCD00012018

1.3 CAS No.: 1341-49-7

1.4 CID: 14935

1.5 EINECS(EC#): 215-676-4

1.6 Molecular Formula: F2H5N (isomer)

1.7 Inchi: InChI=1/2FH.H3N/h2*1H;1H3

1.8 InChkey: KVBCYCWRDBDGBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N

1.9 Canonical Smiles: [NH4+].F.[F-]

1.10 Isomers Smiles: [F-][H+][F-].[NH4+]

2. Properties

2.1 Density: 1.52

2.1 Melting point: 125℃

2.1 Boiling point: 230℃

2.1 Refractive index: Index of refraction = 1.390

2.1 Flash Point: 240 C

2.1 Precise Quality: 57.03900

2.1 PSA: 3.24000

2.1 logP: 1.38930

2.1 Solubility: 630g/l

2.2 Appearance: DryPowder; OtherSolid; OtherSolid, Liquid; PelletsLargeCrystals

2.3 Storage: Hygroscopic. Ambient temperatures.

2.4 Chemical Properties: white scales or flakes, also referred to asammonium hydrogen fluoride, anunonium difluoride and anunonium acid fluoride.

2.5 Color/Form: Rhombic or tetragonal crystals|Orthorhombic crystals|White crystals

2.6 Odor: Odorless

2.7 PH: pH = 3.5 (5% solution)

2.8 Water Solubility: H2O: 630 g/L (20 oC)

2.9 Spectral Properties: Index of refraction = 1.390

2.10 Stability: hygroscopic

2.11 StorageTemp: Store at room temperature.

3. Use and Manufacturing

3.1 General Description: Ammonium bifluoride solution is the white crystalline solid dissolved in water. Ammonium hydrogen difluoride is corrosive to metals and tissue. Ammonium hydrogen difluoride is used in ceramics.

3.2 Methods of Manufacturing: Prepared from hydrofluoric acid and ammonia ... .|Action of ammonium hydroxide on hydrofluoric acid with subsequent crystallization.|Anhydrous ammonium bifluoride containing 0.1 5 H2O and 93% NH4HF2 can be made by dehydrating ammonia fluoride solutions and by thermally decomposing the dry crystals. Commercial ammonium bifluoride, which usually contains 1% NH4F, is made by gas phase reactions of one mole of anhydrous ammonia with two moles of anhydrous hydrogen fluoride; the melt that forms is flaked on a cooled drum.

3.3 Potential Exposure: It is used as a sterilizer, in dairy andbrewery operations; in the ceramic, glass, and electroplatingindustries; as a laundry sour.

3.4 Shipping: Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult. Remove and isolatecontaminated clothing and shoes. In case of contact withsubstance, immediately flush skin or eyes with runningwater for at least 20 minutes. For minor skin contact, avoidspreading material on unaffected skin. Keep victim warmand quiet. Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion or skincontact) to substance may be delayed. Ensure that medicalpersonnel are aware of the material(s) involved and take precautionsto protect themselves. Medical observation isrecommended for 24 to 48 hours after breathing overexposure,as pulmonary edema may be delayed. As first aid forpulmonary edema, a doctor or authorized paramedic mayconsider administering a drug or other inhalation therapy.

3.5 Usage: In manufacture of Mg and Mg alloys; in brightening of Al; for purifying and cleansing various parts of beer-dispensing apparatus, tubes, etc., sterilizing dairy and other food equipment; in glass and porcelain industries; as mordant for aluminum; as a "sour" in laundering cloth. In lab production of HF.

3.6 Waste Disposal: May be buried in a speciallydesignated chemical landfill. Aqueous wastes may be reacted with an excess of lime followed by lagooning andeither recovery or land disposal of the separated calciumfluoride. Ammonium hydrogen difluoride Preparation Products And Raw materials Preparation Products

4. Safety and Handling

4.1 Symbol: GHS05, GHS06

4.1 Hazard Codes: C

4.1 Signal Word: Danger

4.1 Risk Statements: R25;R34

4.1 Safety Statements: S22;S26;S37;S45

4.1 Exposure Standards and Regulations: Ammonium bifluoride is an indirect food additive for use only as a component of adhesives.

4.2 Packing Group: II

4.2 Fire Hazard: Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes. Some are oxidizers and may ignite combustibles (wood, paper, oil, clothing, etc.). Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Containers may explode when heated.

4.3 Other Preventative Measures: Ammonium bifluoride soln should be thoroughly washed from the skin with mildly alkaline soap as soon as possible. ...
If material not involved in fire: Keep material out of water sources and sewers. Build dikes to contain flow as necessary. Use water spray to knock-down vapors. Neutralize spilled material with crushed limestone, soda ash, or lime.
Avoid breathing vapors. Keep upwind. Avoid bodily contact with the material. Do not handle broken packages unless wearing appropriate personal protective equipment. Wash away any material which may have contacted the body with copious amounts of water or soap and water. Avoid breathing fumes from burning material.
SRP: Contaminated protective clothing should be segregated in such a manner so that there is no direct personal contact by personnel who handle, dispose, or clean the clothing. Quality assurance to ascertain the completeness of the cleaning procedures should be implemented before the decontaminated protective clothing is returned for reuse by the workers.
SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.

4.4 Hazard Class: 8

4.4 Hazard Declaration: H301-H314

4.4 Cleanup Methods: Neutralizing agents ... flush with water, rinse with dilute soln of sodium bicarbonate or soda ash.
Environmental considerations- land spill: Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material. /SRP: If time permits, pits, ponds, lagoons, soak holes, or holding areas should be sealed with an impermeable flexible membrane liner./ Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete. Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash or cemented powder. Neutralize with agricultural lime (CaO), crushed limestone (CaCO3) or sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3). Cover solids with a plastic sheet to prevent dissolving in rain or fire fighting water.
Environmental considerations- water spill: Neutralize with agricultural lime (CaO), crushed limestone (CaCO3), or sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3). Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates.
Environmental considerations- air spill: Apply water spray or mist to knock down vapors. Vapor knockdown water is corrosive or toxic and should be diked for containment.

4.5 DisposalMethods: SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.
Waste annoniacal bromate and ammonium bifluoride soln were disposed of by evaporation. No air pollution was observed.
Group III Containers (both combustible and non-combustible) that previously held organic mercury, lead, cadmium, arsenic, or inorganic pesticides should be triple rinsed, punctured and disposed of in a sanitary landfill. Non-rinsed containers should be encapsulated and buried at a specially designated landfill site. /Organic mercury, lead, cadmium, arsenic, or inorganic pesticides/

4.6 DOT Emergency Guidelines: /GUIDE 154: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC AND/OR CORROSIVE (NON-COMBUSTIBLE)/ Health: TOXIC; inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact with material may cause severe injury or death. Contact with molten substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Avoid any skin contact. Effects of contact or inhalation may be delayed. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution. /Ammonium bifluoride, solid; Ammonium bifluoride, solution/
/GUIDE 154: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC AND/OR CORROSIVE (NON-COMBUSTIBLE)/ Fire or Explosion: Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes. Some are oxidizers and may ignite combustibles (wood, paper, oil, clothing, etc.). Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Containers may explode when heated. /Ammonium bifluoride, solid; Ammonium bifluoride, solution/
/GUIDE 154: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC AND/OR CORROSIVE (NON-COMBUSTIBLE)/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number ... . As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Keep out of low areas. Ventilate enclosed areas. /Ammonium bifluoride, solid; Ammonium bifluoride, solution/
/GUIDE 154: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC AND/OR CORROSIVE (NON-COMBUSTIBLE)/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection. Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible. /Ammonium bifluoride, solid; Ammonium bifluoride, solution/
/GUIDE 154: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC AND/OR CORROSIVE (NON-COMBUSTIBLE)/ Evacuation: ... Fire: If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. /Ammonium bifluoride, solid; Ammonium bifluoride, solution/
/GUIDE 154: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC AND/OR CORROSIVE (NON-COMBUSTIBLE)/ Fire: Small fires: Dry chemical, CO2 or water spray. Large fires: Dry chemical, CO2, alcohol-resistant foam or water spray. Move containers from fire area if you can do it without risk. Dike fire control water for later disposal; do not scatter the material. Fire involving tanks or car/trailer loads: Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles. Do not get water inside containers. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank. ALWAYS stay away from tanks engulfed in fire. /Ammonium bifluoride, solid; Ammonium bifluoride, solution/
/GUIDE 154: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC AND/OR CORROSIVE (NON-COMBUSTIBLE)/ Spill or Leak: ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames in immediate area). Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers. DO NOT GET WATER INSIDE CONTAINERS. /Ammonium bifluoride, solid; Ammonium bifluoride, solution/
/GUIDE 154: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC AND/OR CORROSIVE (NON-COMBUSTIBLE)/ First Aid: Move victim to fresh air. Call 911 or emergency medical service. Give artificial respiration if victim is not breathing. Do not use mouth-to-mouth method if victim ingested or inhaled the substance; give artificial respiration with the aid of a pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other proper respiratory medical device. Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult. Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes. In case of contact with substance, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes. For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin. Keep victim warm and quiet. Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion or skin contact) to substance may be delayed. Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved and take precautions to protect themselves. /Ammonium bifluoride, solid; Ammonium bifluoride, solution/

4.7 RIDADR: UN 1727

4.7 Fire Fighting Procedures: Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire. (Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty.) Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible.

4.8 Safety Profile: Caustic poison and strong irritant by all routes. See also HYDROFLUORIC ACID. When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of F-, NO,, and NH3.

4.9 Caution Statement: Missing Phrase - N15.00950417-P260-P280-P303 + P361 + P353-P304 + P340 + P310-P305 + P351 + P338

4.9 Formulations/Preparations: Grades or Purity: Pure, 99+%; Technical, 97-98.5%
-10 mesh particle size, 99.9% purity grade; white translucent flake grade; white crystal grades

4.10 Incompatibilities: Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates,nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine,bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions.Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases,strong acids, oxoacids, epoxides. In the presence of moisturecorrodes concrete, metals, glass.

4.11 WGK Germany: 1

4.11 RTECS: BQ9200000

4.11 Protective Equipment and Clothing: Wear rubber overclothing, Bureau of Mines approved respirator; rubber gloves; safety goggles
Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus. Wear appropriate chemical protective ... boots ... If contact with material anticipated, wear appropriate chemical protective clothing.

4.12 Reactivities and Incompatibilities: ... Reacts with silicon containing materials like glass or ceramics at room temperature (formation of SiF4). It also reacts with concentrated acids (formation of HF) and concentrated alkaline solutions (formation of NH3).

4.13 Skin, Eye, and Respiratory Irritations: Inhalation of dust may cause irritation of the resp system.
Contact with dust irritates eyes ...

4.14 Sensitive: Hygroscopic

5. MSDS

2.Hazard identification

2.1 Classification of the substance or mixture

Acute toxicity - Oral, Category 3

Skin corrosion, Category 1B

2.2 GHS label elements, including precautionary statements

Pictogram(s)
Signal word	Danger
Hazard statement(s)	H301 Toxic if swallowed H314 Causes severe skin burns and eye damage
Precautionary statement(s)
Prevention	P264 Wash ... thoroughly after handling. P270 Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product. P260 Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.
Response	P301+P310 IF SWALLOWED: Immediately call a POISON CENTER/doctor/\u2026 P321 Specific treatment (see ... on this label). P330 Rinse mouth. P301+P330+P331 IF SWALLOWED: Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. P303+P361+P353 IF ON SKIN (or hair): Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water [or shower]. P363 Wash contaminated clothing before reuse. P304+P340 IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing. P310 Immediately call a POISON CENTER/doctor/\u2026 P305+P351+P338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
Storage	P405 Store locked up.
Disposal	P501 Dispose of contents/container to ...

2.3 Other hazards which do not result in classification

none

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6. Other Information

6.0 Storage Conditions: Prepared from hydrofluoric acid and ammonia ... .|Action of ammonium hydroxide on hydrofluoric acid with subsequent crystallization.|Anhydrous ammonium bifluoride containing 0.1 5 H2O and 93% NH4HF2 can be made by dehydrating ammonia fluoride solutions and by thermally decomposing the dry crystals. Commercial ammonium bifluoride, which usually contains 1% NH4F, is made by gas phase reactions of one mole of anhydrous ammonia with two moles of anhydrous hydrogen fluoride; the melt that forms is flaked on a cooled drum.

6.1 Experimental Properties: Deliquescent|Standard heat of formation = -798.3 kJ/mol; Heat of fusion = 19.1 kJ/mol; Heat of solution = 20.3 kJ/mol; Heat of dissociation = 141.4 kJ/mol; Heat capacity = 106.7 J/mol-K at 25 °C; Hygroscopic if ambient humidity over 50%; no tendency to form hydrates

6.2 Disposal Methods: SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.|Waste annoniacal bromate and ammonium bifluoride soln were disposed of by evaporation. No air pollution was observed.|Group III Containers (both combustible and non-combustible) that previously held organic mercury, lead, cadmium, arsenic, or inorganic pesticides should be triple rinsed, punctured and disposed of in a sanitary landfill. Non-rinsed containers should be encapsulated and buried at a specially designated landfill site. /Organic mercury, lead, cadmium, arsenic, or inorganic pesticides/

6.3 FDA Requirements: Ammonium bifluoride is an indirect food additive for use only as a component of adhesives.

6.4 Personal Protective Equipment: Wear rubber overclothing, Bureau of Mines approved respirator; rubber gloves; safety goggles|Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus. Wear appropriate chemical protective ... boots ... If contact with material anticipated, wear appropriate chemical protective clothing.

6.5 Fire Fighting Procedures: Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire. (Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty.) Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible.

6.6 Cleanup Methods: Neutralizing agents ... flush with water, rinse with dilute soln of sodium bicarbonate or soda ash.|Environmental considerations- land spill: Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material. /SRP: If time permits, pits, ponds, lagoons, soak holes, or holding areas should be sealed with an impermeable flexible membrane liner./ Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete. Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash or cemented powder. Neutralize with agricultural lime (CaO), crushed limestone (CaCO3) or sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3). Cover solids with a plastic sheet to prevent dissolving in rain or fire fighting water.|Environmental considerations- water spill: Neutralize with agricultural lime (CaO), crushed limestone (CaCO3), or sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3). Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates.|Environmental considerations- air spill: Apply water spray or mist to knock down vapors. Vapor knockdown water is corrosive or toxic and should be diked for containment.

6.7 Preventive Measures: Ammonium bifluoride soln should be thoroughly washed from the skin with mildly alkaline soap as soon as possible. ...|If material not involved in fire: Keep material out of water sources and sewers. Build dikes to contain flow as necessary. Use water spray to knock-down vapors. Neutralize spilled material with crushed limestone, soda ash, or lime.|Avoid breathing vapors. Keep upwind. Avoid bodily contact with the material. Do not handle broken packages unless wearing appropriate personal protective equipment. Wash away any material which may have contacted the body with copious amounts of water or soap and water. Avoid breathing fumes from burning material.|SRP: Contaminated protective clothing should be segregated in such a manner so that there is no direct personal contact by personnel who handle, dispose, or clean the clothing. Quality assurance to ascertain the completeness of the cleaning procedures should be implemented before the decontaminated protective clothing is returned for reuse by the workers.|SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.

6.8 Populations At Special Risk: Populations that appear to be at increased risk from the effects of fluoride are individuals that suffer from diabetes insipidus or some forms of renal impairment. These high risk populations represent a relatively small segment of the general populations. /Fluoride/

6.9 Mesh: Chemical agents that increase the rate of genetic mutation by interfering with the function of nucleic acids. A clastogen is a specific mutagen that causes breaks in chromosomes. (See all compounds classified as Mutagens.)

6.10 Absorption: Fluorides are absorbed from GI tract, lung, & skin. GI tract is major site of absorption. The relatively sol cmpd, such as sodium fluoride, are almost completely absorbed ... Fluoride has been detected in all organs & tissues examined ... There is no evidence that it is concentrated in any tissues except bone, thyroid, aorta, & perhaps kidney. Fluoride is preponderantly deposited in the skeleton & teeth, & the degree of skeletal storage is related to intake and age. ... A function of the turnover rate of skeletal components, with growing bone showing greater fluoride deposition than bone in mature animals. ... Major route of ... excretion is by way of kidneys ... also excreted in small amt by sweat glands, lactating breast, & GI tract. ... About 90% of fluoride ion filtered by glomerulus is reabsorbed by renal tubules. /Fluoride salts/|In female rats, the skeletons of younger rats apparently are more efficient at removing fluoride from circulation than are those of older rats. /Sodium fluoride/|Following ingestion, soluble fluorides are rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract at least to the extent of 97%. Absorbed fluoride is distributed throughout the tissues of the body by the blood. Fluoride concentrations is soft tissues fall to pre-exposure levels within a few hours of exposure. Fluoride exchanges with hydroxyl radicals of hydroxyapatite (the inorganic constituent of bone) to form fluorohydroxyapatite. Fluoride that is not retained is excreted rapidly in urine. In adults under steady state intake conditions, the urinary concentration of fluoride tends to approximate the concentration of fluoride in the drinking water. This reflects the decreasing retention of fluoride (primarily in bone) with increasing age. Under certain conditions perspiraton may be an important route of fluoride excretion. The concentration of fluoride retained in bones and teeth is a function of both the concentration of fluoride intake and the duration of exposure. Periods of excessive fluoride exposure will result in increased retention in the bone. However, when the excessive exposure is eliminated, the bone fluoride concentration will decrease to a concentration that is again reflective of intake. /Fluoride salts/|The degree of absorption of a fluoride compound is best correlated with its solubility. /Fluoride salts/|For more Absorption, Distribution and Excretion (Complete) data for AMMONIUM BIFLUORIDE (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

6.11 Physical properties: Orthorhombic or tetragonal crystals; etches glass; deliquescent; density 1.50 g/cm3; refractive index 1.390; melts at 125.6°C; very soluble in water; slightly soluble in alcohol.

6.12 Uses: In manufacture of Mg and Mg alloys; in brightening of Al; for purifying and cleansing various parts of beer-dispensing apparatus, tubes, etc., sterilizing dairy and other food equipment; in glass and porcelain industries; as mordant for aluminum; as a "sour" in laundering cloth. In lab production of HF.

6.13 Biological Half Life: Half-life: 2-9 hours

6.14 Antidote: Maintain an open airway and assist ventilation if necessary. Monitor ECG and serum calcium, magnesium, and potassium for at least 4 to 6 hours. Admit symptomatic patients with ECG or electrolyte abnormalities to an intensive care setting. When clinically significant hypocalcemia is present, administer intravenous calcium gluconate ... and monitor ionized calcium levels and titrate further doses as needed. Treat hypomagnesemia with intravenous magnesium sulfate... . Treat hypokalemia with intravenous calcium and other usual measures. Do not induce vomiting because of the risk of abrupt onset of seizures and arrhythmias. Administer an antacid containing calcium (eg, calcium carbonate) orally to raise gastric pH and complex free fluoride, reducing absorption. Foods rich in calcium (eg, milk) can also bind fluoride. Magnesium-containing antacids have also been recommended but there are little data for their effectiveness. ... Consider gastric lavage for recent large ingestions. Activated charcoal does not absorb fluoride and is not likely to be beneficial. Because fluoride rapidly binds to free calcium and bone and has a short elimination half-life, hemodialysis is not likely to be effective.|Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures adn treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patent can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Fluorine and related compounds/|Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias if necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's (LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Consider vasopressors if patient is hypotensive with a normal fluid volume. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam or lorazepam ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Fluorine and related compounds/

6.15 Human Toxicity Excerpts: /SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Most available toxicity information on fluoride relates to acute toxicity of hydrofluoric acid (''HF''). However, other water soluble fluoride-containing compounds can cause fluoride poisoning. The fluoride ion is systemically absorbed almost immediately. It is highly penetrating and reactive and can cause both systemic poisoning and tissue destruction. Fluoride ions, once separated from either HF or fluoride salts, penetrate deep into tissues, causing burning at sites deeper than the original exposure site. The process of tissue destruction can continue for days. Fluoride absorption can produce hyperkalemia (elevated serum potassium), hypocalcemia (lowered serum calcium), hypomagnesemia (lowered serum magnesium), and metabolic and respiratory acidosis. These disturbances can then bring on cardiac arrhythmia, respiratory stimulation followed by respiratory depression, muscle spasms, convulsions, central nervous system (''CNS'') depression, possible respiratory paralysis or cardiac failure, and death. Fluoride may also inhibit cellular respiration and glycolysis, alter membrane permeability and excitability, and cause neurotoxic and adverse GI effects. When exposure is through inhalation, fluorides can cause severe chemical burns to the respiratory system. Inhalation can result in difficulty breathing (dyspnea), bronchospasms, chemical pneumonitis, pulmonary edema, airway obstruction, and tracheobronchitis. The severity of burns from dermal absorption can vary depending on the concentration of fluoride available, duration of the exposure, the surface area exposed, and the penetrability of the exposed tissue. Ocular exposure can result in serious eye injury. Ingestion of fluoride can result in mild to severe GI symptoms. Reports suggest that ingesting 3 to 5 milligrams of fluoride per kilogram of body weight (mg/kg) causes vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. Ingestion of more than 5 mg/kg may produce systemic toxicity. A retrospective poison control center study of fluoride ingestions reported that symptoms, primarily safely tolerated GI symptoms that tended to resolve within 24 hours, developed following ingestions of 4 to 8.4 mg/kg of fluoride.|/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Human fatalities have resulted from both oral exposure to sodium fluoride and dermal exposure to hydrofluoric acid. Dermal exposure to hydrofluoric acid is often accompanied by inhalation of hydrofluoric acid fumes. Human studies and case reports have investigated the effects of nonlethal oral doses of sodium fluoride, although only after acute exposure. These exposures have resulted in mostly gastrointestinal effects and consequences of hypocalcemia (e.g., nervous system and cardiovascular effects). /Sodium fluoride and hydrofluoric acid/|/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ ... Toxic if taken internally. Hydrofluoric acid burns may occur if the material comes in contact with moist skin.|/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Contact with dust irritates eyes and may cause burns or rash on skin.|For more Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for AMMONIUM BIFLUORIDE (18 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

6.16 Mesh Entry Terms: ammonium bifluoride

6.17 Production: 10,000,000 - 50,000,000 lb|(1986) >10 thousand-500 thousand pounds|(1990) >10 thousand-500 thousand pounds|(1998) >10 thousand-500 thousand pounds|(2002) >500 thousand-1 million pounds

6.18 Formulations: Grades or Purity: Pure, 99+%; Technical, 97-98.5%|-10 mesh particle size, 99.9% purity grade; white translucent flake grade; white crystal grades

6.19 Manufacturing Info: All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing|Ammonium fluoride ((NH4)(HF2)): ACTIVE|Much of the commercial interest in the ammonium fluorides stems from their chemical reactivity as less hazardous substitutes for hydrofluoric acid.|Herbicidal compositions were prepd by adding acid ammonium fluoride to an herbicidal composition based on sulfamic acid or its salts.

6.20 Use Classification: Health Hazards -> Corrosives

6.21 Usage: Ammonium hydrogen fluoride is used as a chemical reagent in analysis and an antiseptic. It is also used in ceramics, electroplating, component of glass etchants as well as food processing equipment disinfectant. It acts as an intermediate in the production of hydrofluoric acid from hexafluorosilicic acid.

6.22 Usage: Employed in a new hydrothermal synthesis of complex fluorides NaHoF4 and NaEuF4 these interesting compounds have the fluorite structure and are important for solid-state lasers as well as for photoluminescence and magnetic characteristics

6.23 Merck: 14,498

6.24 Chemical Properties: white scales or flakes, also referred to asammonium hydrogen fluoride, anunonium difluoride and anunonium acid fluoride.

6.25 Chemical Properties: Ammonium bifluoride.

6.26 Uses: In manufacture of Mg and Mg alloys; in brightening of Al; for purifying and cleansing various parts of beer-dispensing apparatus, tubes, etc., sterilizing dairy and other food equipment; in glass and porcelain industries; as mordant for aluminum; as a "sour" in laundering cloth. In lab production of HF.

6.27 General Description: Ammonium bifluoride solution is the white crystalline solid dissolved in water. Ammonium hydrogen difluoride is corrosive to metals and tissue. Ammonium hydrogen difluoride is used in ceramics.

6.28 Air & Water Reactions: Dissolves in water and forms a weak solution of hydrofluoric acid.

6.29 Reactivity Profile: AMMONIUM BIFLUORIDE reacts violently with bases. In presence of moisture will corrode glass, cement, and most metals. Flammable hydrogen gas may collect in enclosed spaces. Do not use steel, nickel, or aluminum containers [USCG, 1999].

6.30 Hazard: Corrosive to skin.

6.31 Health Hazard: TOXIC; inhalation, ingestion or skin contact with material may cause severe injury or death. Contact with molten substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Avoid any skin contact. Effects of contact or inhalation may be delayed. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution.

6.32 Fire Hazard: Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes. Some are oxidizers and may ignite combustibles (wood, paper, oil, clothing, etc.). Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Containers may explode when heated.

6.33 Safety Profile: Caustic poison and strong irritant by all routes. See also HYDROFLUORIC ACID. When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of F-, NO,, and NH3.

6.34 Potential Exposure: It is used as a sterilizer, in dairy and brewery operations; in the ceramic, glass, and electroplating industries; as a laundry sour.

6.35 First aid: Move victim to fresh air. Call 911 or emergency medical service. Give artificial respiration if victim is not breathing. Do not use mouth-to-mouth method if victim ingested or inhaled the substance; give artificial respiration with the aid of a pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other proper respiratory medical device.Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult. Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes. In case of contact with substance, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes. For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin. Keep victim warm and quiet. Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion or skin contact) to substance may be delayed. Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved and take precautions to protect themselves. Medical observation is recommended for 24 to 48 hours after breathing overexposure, as pulmonary edema may be delayed. As first aid for pulmonary edema, a doctor or authorized paramedic may consider administering a drug or other inhalation therapy.

6.36 Shipping: Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult. Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes. In case of contact with substance, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes. For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin. Keep victim warm and quiet. Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion or skin contact) to substance may be delayed. Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved and take precautions to protect themselves. Medical observation is recommended for 24 to 48 hours after breathing overexposure, as pulmonary edema may be delayed. As first aid for pulmonary edema, a doctor or authorized paramedic may consider administering a drug or other inhalation therapy.

6.37 Incompatibilities: Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases, strong acids, oxoacids, epoxides. In the presence of moisture corrodes concrete, metals, glass.

6.38 Waste Disposal: May be buried in a specially designated chemical landfill. Aqueous wastes may be reacted with an excess of lime followed by lagooning and either recovery or land disposal of the separated calcium fluoride.

7. Computational chemical data

Molecular Weight: 57.043206g/mol
Molecular Formula: F₂H₅N
Compound Is Canonicalized: True
XLogP3-AA:
Exact Mass: 57.03900549
Monoisotopic Mass: 57.03900549
Complexity: 0
Rotatable Bond Count: 0
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 2
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 2
Topological Polar Surface Area: 1
Heavy Atom Count: 3
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 3
CACTVS Substructure Key Fingerprint: AAADcYACAYAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA==

8. Question & Answer

Why is the solution of ammonium bifluoride more acidic than aqueous ammonium fluoride? Oct 10 2021
At low concentrations of aqueous N H X 4 H F X 2 N H X 4 H F X 2 ( w = 1 – 2 % ) ( w = 1 – 2 % ) p H ≈ 3. p H ≈ 3. But aqueous N H X 4 F N H X 4 F ( w = 20 – 40 % ) ( w = 20 – 40 % ) has p H ≈ 7. p H ≈ 7. Yet the equilibria of H F ? H X + + F X ? K = 6.85 × 10 ? 6 M H F + F X ? ? H F X 2 X...
Why Ammonium bifluoride is used in the iodometric estimation of copper in brass? Aug 29 2021
When brass solution (mixed with nitric acid and urea) is to be estimated for amount of copper present, ammonia is added to neutralize the solution. This gives a turbidity which can be dissolve by adding ammonium bifluoride (NH4HF2). What exactly causes the turbidity? Which compound formation is res...
Dissociation equilibria of ammonium bifluoride in water Aug 18 2021
Ammonium bifluoride or ammonium hydrogen fluoride is a salt of a weak base and a weak acid. The weak acid is because the second equilibria of H F written as: H F + F X ? ? ? ? ? H F X 2 X ? and it has constant of 3.963 M . But does the bifluoride anion further dissociate? H F in water has many spec...

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