Isopropyl alcohol

Iupac Name：propan-2-ol

CAS No.: 67-63-0

Molecular Weight：60.09502

Modify Date.: 2023-05-09 10:05

Introduction: Isopropyl alcohol is an important chemical products and raw materials. It is mainly applied to various fields including pharmaceutical, cosmetics, plastics, fragrances, paint as well as being used as the dehydrating agent and cleaning agent in and electronics industry. It can also be used as the reagent for determination of barium, calcium, magnesium, nickel, potassium, sodium and strontium. It can also be used as the reference material of chromatographic analysis.In the manufacturing industry of circuit board, it is used as a cleaning agent, and the production of PCB holes for conductivity. Many people find that it can not only clean the motherboard with excellent performance, but also get the best results. In addition, it is used for other electronic devices, including cleaning disc cartridge, floppy disk drives, magnetic tape, and the laser tip of the disc driver of CD or DVD player.Isopropyl alcohol can also be used as the solvent of oil and gel as well as for the manufacture of fishmeal feed concentrate. Low-quality isopropanol can also be used in automotive fuels. As the raw material of production of acetone, the usage amount of isopropanol is reducing. There are several compounds which are synthesized from isopropanol, such as isopropyl ester, methyl isobutyl ketone, di-isopropylamine, di-isopropyl ether, isopropyl acetate, thymol and many kinds of esters. We can supply isopropanol of different quality depending on the end use it. The conventional quality of anhydrous isopropanol is more than 99%, while the special grade isopropanol content is higher than 99.8% (for flavors and drugs). View more+

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1. Names and Identifiers

1.1 Name: Isopropyl alcohol
1.2 Synonyms: 2-PROPANOL (IPA)

1.3 CAS No.: 67-63-0

1.4 CID: 3776

1.5 EINECS(EC#): 200-661-7

1.6 Molecular Formula: C3H8O (isomer)

1.7 Inchi: InChI=1S/C3H8O/c1-3(2)4/h3-4H,1-2H3

1.8 InChkey: KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N

1.9 Canonical Smiles: CC(C)O

1.10 Isomers Smiles: CC(C)O

2. Properties

2.1 Density: 0.785g/mL

2.1 Melting point: -89.5℃

2.1 Boiling point: 81-83℃

2.1 Refractive index: 1.376-1.378

2.1 Flash Point: 12℃

2.2 Precise Quality: 60.05750

2.2 PSA: 20.23000

2.2 logP: 0.38710

2.2 Solubility: water: soluble (completely)

2.3 Viscosity: 2.038 mPa s at 25 °C

2.4 VaporDensity: 2.1 (vs air)

2.5 Appearance: Colourless liquid

2.6 Atmospheric OH Rate Constant: 5.07e-12 cm3/molecule*sec

2.7 Storage: Ambient temperatures.

2.8 Autoignition Temperature: 750 °F (USCG, 1999)

2.9 Carcinogenicity: CD-1 mice were exposed by inhalationto 0, 500, 2500, or 5000 ppm of isopropanol vapor for6 h/day, 5 days/week for 18 months. An additional group ofmice (all exposure levels) were assigned to a recovery groupthat were exposed to isopropanol for 12 months and thenretained until study termination at 18 months. There wasno increased frequency of neoplastic lesions in any of theisopropanol-exposed animals. Nonneoplastic lesions werelimited to the testes (males) and the kidney. In the testes,enlargement of the seminal vesicles occurred in the absenceof associated inflammatory or degenerative changes. Thekidney effects included tubular proteinosis and/or tubulardilatation. The incidence of testicular and kidney effectswas not increased in the isopropanol-exposed recoveryanimals.

2.10 Chemical Properties: Isopropyl alcohol is a clear, colorless, mobile, volatile, flammable liquid with a characteristic, spirituous odor resembling that of a mixture of ethanol and acetone; it has a slightly bitter taste.It is miscible with water, ethyl ether, and ethyl alcohol. Isopropyl alcohol is incompatible with strong oxidizers, acetaldehyde, chlorine, ethylene oxide, acids, and isocyanates.

2.11 Color/Form: Colorless liquid.

2.12 Corrosivity: Isopropyl alcohol will attack some forms of plastics, rubber, and coatings.

2.13 Decomposition: When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and fumes.

2.14 Heat of Combustion: 14,346 BTU/Lb

2.15 Heat of Vaporization: 45.39 kJ/mol at 25 °C

2.16 HenrysLawConstant: 8.10e-06 atm-m3/mole

2.17 Ionization Potential: 10.10 eV

2.18 Odor: Pleasant odor

2.19 Odor Threshold: 90 mg/cu m

2.20 pKa: 17.1(at 25℃)

2.21 Water Solubility: Micible with water.

2.22 Spectral Properties: Max absorption (liquid):
Index of refraction: 1.3852 @ 8 deg C/D; 1.3802 @ 15 deg C/D; 1.37723 @ 20 deg C/D; 1.3749 @ 25 deg C/D
IR: SADG 65 (Sadtler Research Laboratories IR Grating Collection)
1H NMR: VAR 44 (Varian Associates NMR Spectra Catalogue)
MS: NIST 18982 (NIST/EPA/MSDC Mass Spectral Database 1990 Version); WILEY 42 (Atlas of Mass Spectral Data, John Wiley & Sons, New York)
Intense mass spectral peaks: 45 m/z, 60 m/z

2.23 Stability: Preserve in tight containers, remove from heat.

2.24 StorageTemp: Flammables area

2.25 Surface Tension: 22.11 mN/m (dyne/cm) at 10 °C; 20.93 mN/m at 25 °C; 18.96 mN/m at 50 °C; 16.98 mN/m at 75 °C

3. Use and Manufacturing

3.1 Chemical Reactivity: Reactivity with Water No reaction; Reactivity with Common Materials: No reactions; Stability During Transport: Stable; Neutralizing Agents for Acids and Caustics: Not pertinent; Polymerization: Not pertinent; Inhibitor of Polymerization: Not pertinent.

3.2 Definition: ChEBI: A secondary alcohol that is propane in which one of the hydrogens attached to the central carbon is substituted by a hydroxy group.

3.3 Methods of Manufacturing: Propylene system of isopropyl alcohol, the process:
1 Indirect hydration method.
More than 50% propylene raw material gas is passed into the absorption tower, and is absorbed with 75% -85% concentrated sulfuric acid at 50 ℃ and low pressure to produce isopropyl hydrogen sulfate. Water was added to dilute the absorbing solution to a sulfuric acid content of 35%. The isopropyl alcohol was then hydrolyzed in the desorption column with low pressure steam to produce isopropyl alcohol. The crude distillation tower to isopropanol and water azeotropic composition, containing about 87% of isopropyl alcohol. And then continue to use distillation tower steamed to 95%, with benzene extraction, separation of water and then distillation, can be obtained with more than 99% isopropanol products.
2 Direct hydration of propylene.
Water were pressurized to 1.96MPa, and preheated to 200 ° C, after mixing into the reactor, the hydration reaction reactor equipped with diatomite catalyst, the reaction temperature is 95 ° C, the pressure is 0.96 MPa, the molar ratio of water to propylene was 0.7: 1, the one-way conversion of propylene was 5.2% and the selectivity was 99%. The reaction gas is sent to a high-pressure cooler and a high-pressure separator after being neutralized and heat-exchanged. The isopropanol in the gas phase is sprayed and recovered by deionized water in a recovery tower, and the gas of the reaction is recycled after being pressurized by a circulating compressor ( Keeping the propylene content in the recycle system at 85%). (15% -17%), the crude distillation tower was 85% -87% distillation of isopropanol aqueous solution, and then evaporated to 95% by distillation tower, and then extracted with benzene concentration to 99% or more.

3.4 Produe Method: Isopropyl alcohol may be prepared from propylene; by thecatalytic reduction of acetone, or by fermentation of certaincarbohydrates.

3.5 Purification Methods: Isopropyl alcohol is prepared commercially by dissolution of propene in H2SO4, followed by hydrolysis of the sulfate ester. Major impurities are water, lower alcohols and oxidation products such as aldehydes and ketones. Purification of isopropanol follows substantially the same procedure as for n-propyl alcohol. Isopropanol forms a constant-boiling mixture, b 80.3o, with water. Most of the water can be removed from this 91% isopropanol by refluxing with CaO (200g/L) for several hours, then distilling. The distillate can be dried further with CaH2, magnesium ribbon, BaO, CaSO4, calcium, anhydrous CuSO4 or Linde type 5A molecular sieves. Distillation from sulfanilic acid removes ammonia and other basic impurities. Peroxides [indicated by liberation of iodine from weakly acid (HCl) solutions of 2% KI] can be removed by refluxing with solid stannous chloride or with NaBH4 then the alcohol is fractionally distilled. To obtain isopropanol containing only 0.002M of water, sodium (8g/L) is dissolved in material dried by distillation from CaSO4. Isopropyl benzoate (35mL) is then added and, after refluxing for 3hours, the alcohol is distilled through a 50-cm Vigreux column (p 11). [Hine & Tanabe J Am Chem Soc 80 3002 1958.] Other purification steps for isopropanol include refluxing with solid aluminium isopropoxide, refluxing with NaBH4 for 24hours, and removing acetone by treatment with, and distillation from, 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine. Peroxides re-form in isopropanol if it is kept for several days in contact with air. [Beilstein 1 IV 1461.]

3.6 Usage: Isopropyl alcohol is an important chemical products and raw materials. It is mainly applied to various fields including pharmaceutical, cosmetics, plastics, fragrances, paint as well as being used as the dehydrating agent and cleaning agent in and electronics industry. It can also be used as the reagent for determination of barium, calcium, magnesium, nickel, potassium, sodium and strontium. It can also be used as the reference material of chromatographic analysis.In the manufacturing industry of circuit board, it is used as a cleaning agent, and the production of PCB holes for conductivity. Many people find that it can not only clean the motherboard with excellent performance, but also get the best results. In addition, it is used for other electronic devices, including cleaning disc cartridge, floppy disk drives, magnetic tape, and the laser tip of the disc driver of CD or DVD player.Isopropyl alcohol can also be used as the solvent of oil and gel as well as for the manufacture of fishmeal feed concentrate. Low-quality isopropanol can also be used in automotive fuels. As the raw material of production of acetone, the usage amount of isopropanol is reducing. There are several compounds which are synthesized from isopropanol, such as isopropyl ester, methyl isobutyl ketone, di-isopropylamine, di-isopropyl ether, isopropyl acetate, thymol and many kinds of esters. We can supply isopropanol of different quality depending on the end use it. The conventional quality of anhydrous isopropanol is more than 99%, while the special grade isopropanol content is higher than 99.8% (for flavors and drugs).

4. Safety and Handling

4.1 Symbol: GHS02, GHS07

4.1 Hazard Codes: F

4.1 Signal Word: Danger

4.1 Risk Statements: 11-36-67-40-10-36/38

4.1 Safety Statements: 7-16-24/25-26-36/37

4.1 Exposure Standards and Regulations: Isopropyl alcohol (without residue) may be used in inks for marking food supplements in tablet form, gum, and confectionery.

4.2 Packing Group: II

4.2 Octanol/Water Partition Coefficient: log Kow= 0.05

4.3 Fire Hazard: HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water.

4.4 Other Preventative Measures: Any clothing which becomes wet with liquid isopropyl alcohol should be removed immediately and not reworn until the isopropyl alcohol is removed from the clothing. Clothing should then be placed in closed containers for storage until it can be discarded or until provision can be made for the removal of isopropyl alcohol from the clothing. If the clothing is to be laundered or otherwise cleaned to remove the isopropyl alcohol, the person performing the operation should be informed of isopropyl alcohol's hazardous properties.
SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.
If material /is/ not on fire and not involved in fire: Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away. Keep material out of water sources and sewers. Build dikes to contain flow as necessary. Attempt to stop leak if without undue personnel hazard. Use water spray to disperse vapors and dilute standing pools of liquid.
Avoid breathing vapors. Keep upwind. Do not handle broken packages unless wearing appropriate personal protective equipment. Wash away any material which may have contacted the body with copious amounts of water or soap and water.
Evacuation: If material leaking (not on fire) consider evacuation from downwind area based on amount of material spilled, location and weather conditions.
SRP: Contaminated protective clothing should be segregated in such a manner so that there is no direct personal contact by personnel who handle, dispose, or clean the clothing. Quality assurance to ascertain the completeness of the cleaning procedures should be implemented before the decontaminated protective clothing is returned for reuse by the workers. Contaminated clothing should not be taken home at end of shift, but should remain at employee's place of work for cleaning.
Employees who handle liquid isobutyl alcohol should wash their hands before eating or smoking. /Isobutyl alcohol/
The worker should immediately wash the skin when it becomes contaminated.
Work clothing that becomes wet should be immediately removed due to its flammability hazard.

4.5 Hazard Class: 3

4.5 Hazard Declaration: H225-H319-H336

4.5 Cleanup Methods: If isopropyl alcohol is spilled or leaked: 1. Remove all ignition sources. 2. Ventilate area of spill or leak. 3. For small quantities absorb on paper towels. Evaporate in a safe place (such as a fume hood). Allow sufficient time for evaporating vapors to completely clear the hood ductwork. Burn paper in suitable location away from combustible materials. Large quantities can be collected & atomized in suitable combustion chamber.

4.6 DisposalMethods: SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.
The following wastewater treatment technology has been investigated for isopropanol: Biological treatment.

4.7 DOT Emergency Guidelines: /GUIDE 129: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (POLAR/WATER-MISCIBLE/NOXIOUS)/ Fire or Explosion: HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water.
/GUIDE 129: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (POLAR/WATER-MISCIBLE/NOXIOUS)/ Health: May cause toxic effects if inhaled or absorbed through skin. Inhalation or contact with material may irritate or burn skin and eyes. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution.
/GUIDE 129: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (POLAR/WATER-MISCIBLE/NOXIOUS)/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number. As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Keep out of low areas. Ventilate closed spaces before entering.
/GUIDE 129: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (POLAR/WATER-MISCIBLE/NOXIOUS)/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Structural firefighters' protective clothing will only provide limited protection.
/GUIDE 129: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (POLAR/WATER-MISCIBLE/NOXIOUS)/ Evacuation: Large spill: Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 300 meters (1000 feet). Fire: If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.
/GUIDE 129: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (POLAR/WATER-MISCIBLE/NOXIOUS)/ Fire: Caution: All these products have a very low flash point: Use of water spray when fighting fire may be inefficient. Small fires: Dry chemical, CO2, water spray or alcohol-resistant foam. Do not use dry chemical extinguishers to control fires involving nitromethane or nitroethane. Large fires: Water spray, fog or alcohol-resistant foam. Do not use straight streams. Move containers from fire area if you can do it without risk. Fire involving tanks or car/trailer loads: Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank. ALWAYS stay away from tanks engulfed in fire. For massive fire, use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn.
/GUIDE 129: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (POLAR/WAT ER-MISCIBLE/NOXIOUS)/ Spill or Leak: ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames in immediate area). All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded. Do not touch or walk through spilled material. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. A vapor suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors. Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers. Use clean non-sparking tools to collect absorbed material. Large spills: Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal. Water spray may reduce vapor; but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces.
/GUIDE 129: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (POLAR/WATER-MISCIBLE/NOXIOUS)/ First Aid: Move victim to fresh air. Call 911 or emergency medical service. Give artificial respiration if victim is not breathing. Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult. Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes. In case of contact with substance, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes. Wash skin with soap and water. Keep victim warm and quiet. In case of burns, immediately cool affected skin for as long as possible with cold water. Do not remove clothing if adhering to skin. Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion or skin contact) to substance may be delayed. Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved and take precautions to protect themselves.

4.8 RIDADR: UN 1219

4.8 Fire Fighting Procedures: Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped. Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Solid streams of water may be ineffective. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible. Use "alcohol" foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.

4.9 FirePotential: A very dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat, flame or oxidizers.
Ignites on contact with dioxygenyl tetrafluoroborate; chromium trioxide; potassium tert-butoxide.

4.10 Caution Statement: P210-P261-P305 + P351 + P338

4.10 Formulations/Preparations: USEPA/OPP Pesticide Code 047501; Trade Names: Arquad DMCB, Component of (with 169108); Vsco 1152, component of (with 107601); Avantine; Isohol; Lutosol; Petrohol; Pro.
Grades: 91%; 95%; 99%; NF (99%); nanograde.
Grades: Anhydrous (99.8% min isopropanol); azeotropic (85% min isopropanol); cosmetic (91 vol% and anhydrous) containing perfume; electronic (low conductivity); ACS Reagent; 1990 USP XXII Anhydrous (99.0% isopropanol); ASTM D770-85
Grades: Technical; semiconductor
Isopropyl rubbing alcohol contains 68 to 72% v/v of isopropyl alcohol
Avantine food grade
AR, chromAR, SpectrAR

4.11 Incompatibilities: Incompatible with oxidizing agents such as hydrogen peroxide andnitric acid, which cause decomposition. Isopropyl alcohol may besalted out from aqueous mixtures by the addition of sodiumchloride, sodium sulfate, and other salts, or by the addition ofsodium hydroxide.

4.12 WGK Germany: 1

4.12 RTECS: NT8050000

4.12 Protective Equipment and Clothing: Wear safety glasses, rubber gloves, a face shield, coveralls.
The following materials are acceptable: neoprene, PVC, paracril/PVC, chlorinated polyethylene, butyl rubber, natural rubber, nitrile, vitron. Unacceptable: PVA. Conditionally acceptable: polyurethane. Note: This is a guide only. The user is advised to contact the protective clothing manufacturer regarding the specific applicability & limitations of a material under proposed conditions of use.
Wear appropriate chemical protective boots and goggles.
Breakthrough times greater than one hour reported by (normally) two or more testers for neoprene and nitrile rubber. Some data (usually from immersion tests) suggesting breakthrough times greater than one hour are not likely for natural rubber. No data for butyl rubber, neoprene/styrene-butadiene rubber, nitrile rubber/polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polyvrethane, polyvinyl alcohol, and viton. Some data suggesting breakthrough times of approximated an hour or more for polyvinyl chloride.
Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact.
Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact.
Recommendations for respirator selection. Max concn for use: 2000 ppm. Respirator Class(es): Any supplied-air respirator operated in a continuous flow mode. Eye protection needed. Any chemical cartridge respirator with a full facepiece and organic vapor cartridge(s). Any air-purifying, full-facepiece respirator (gas mask) with a chin-style, front- or back-mounted organic vapor canister. Any powered, air-purifying respirator with organic vapor cartridge(s). Eye protection needed. Any self-contained breathing apparatus with a full facepiece. Any supplied-air respirator with a full facepiece.
Recommendations for respirator selection. Condition: Emergency or planned entry into unknown concn or IDLH conditions: Respirator Class(es): Any self-contained breathing apparatus that has a full facepiece and is operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode. Any supplied-air respirator that has a full facepiece and is operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode in combination with an auxiliary self-contained breathing apparatus operated in pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode.
Recommendations for respirator selection. Condition: Escape from suddenly occurring respiratory hazards: Respirator Class(es): Any air-purifying, full-facepiece respirator (gas mask) with a chin-style, front- or back-mounted organic vapor canister. Any appropriate escape-type, self-contained breathing apparatus.

4.13 Reactivities and Incompatibilities: During distillation of 2-propanol recovered from the reduction of crotonaldehyde with aluminium isopropoxide, a violent explosion occurred. This was attributed either to peroxidized diisopropyl ether (a possible by-product) or to peroxidized crotonaldehyde.
REACTS VIOLENTLY WITH HYDROGEN-PALLADIUM COMBINATION (H2 + Pd); NITROFORM; OLEUM; COCl2; ALUMINUM TRIISOPROPOXIDE; OXIDANTS.
Two explosions occurred during laboratory distillation of isopropanol, one with a sample stored for 4 yr. No cause was apparent, but presence of traces of ketone(s) promoting peroxidation is a possibility. Previously, the presence of 0.36 molar peroxide had been reported in a 99.5% pure sample of isopropanol stored for several months in a partially full clear glass bottle in strong daylight.
Dissolution of aluminium in 2-propanol to give the isopropoxide is rather exothermic, but often subject to an induction period similar to that in preparation of Grignard reagents.
Addition of a small amount of hydrogen peroxide may reduce sharply the autoignition temp of the alcohol (455 deg C), probably that of the hydroperoxide.
Frozen mixtures of trinitromethane-2-propanol (9:1) exploded during thawing. The former (of positive oxygen balance) dissolve exothermally in the alcohol, the heat effect increasing directly with the concn above 50% wt/wt. Traces of nitric acid may also have been present.
Distillation of mixtures of /barium perchlorate/ with C1-C3 alcohols gives the highly explosive alkyl perchlorates.
Homogeneous mixtures of concentrated peroxide with alcohols or other peroxide miscible organic liquids are capable of detonation by shock or heat.
Secondary alcohols are readily autoxidized in contact with oxygen or air, forming ketones and hydrogen peroxide. A partly full bottle of 2-propanol exposed to sunlight for a long period became 0.36 molar in peroxide and potentially explosive.
Contact of 1.5 g portions of the solid potassium tert-butoxide with vapors of isopropanol caused ignition after 1 min.
Solutions of 90% nitroform in 10% isopropyl alcohol in polyethylene bottles exploded.
The reaction between isopropyl alcohol and phosgene forms isopropyl chloroformate and hydrogen chloride. In the presence of iron salts thermal decomposition can occur, which in some cases can become explosive.
A very dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat, flame or oxidizers.
Strong oxidizers, acetaldehyde, chlorine, ethylene oxide, acids, isocyanates.
The presence of 2-butanone incr the reaction rate for peroxide formation.
Vigorous reaction with sodium dichromate + sulfuric acid; aluminum (after a delay).

4.14 Skin, Eye, and Respiratory Irritations: Mild irritation of the eyes, nose and throat was induced in human subjects exposed for 3 to 5 min to 400 ppm of isopropyl alcohol.
It can be an irritant of the eyes, mucous membranes, & respiratory tract.

4.15 Safety: Hazard Codes:,Xi F,Xn
Risk Statements: 11-36-67-40-10-36/38
R11:Highly flammable.
R36:Irritating to eyes.
R67:Vapours may cause drowsiness and dizziness.
R40:Limited evidence of a carcinogenic effect.
R10:Flammable.
R36/38:Irritating to eyes and skin.
Safety Statements: 7-16-24/25-26-36/37
S7:Keep container tightly closed.
S16:Keep away from sources of ignition.
S24/25:Avoid contact with skin and eyes.
S26: In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice.
S36/37:Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves.
RIDADR: UN 1219 3/PG 2

4.16 Toxicity: LD50 orally in rats: 5.8 g/kg (Smyth, Carpenter)

5. MSDS

2.Hazard identification

2.1 Classification of the substance or mixture

Flammable liquids, Category 2

Eye irritation, Category 2

Specific target organ toxicity \u2013 single exposure, Category 3

2.2 GHS label elements, including precautionary statements

Pictogram(s)
Signal word	Danger
Hazard statement(s)	H225 Highly flammable liquid and vapour H319 Causes serious eye irritation H336 May cause drowsiness or dizziness
Precautionary statement(s)
Prevention	P210 Keep away from heat, hot surfaces, sparks, open flames and other ignition sources. No smoking. P233 Keep container tightly closed. P240 Ground and bond container and receiving equipment. P241 Use explosion-proof [electrical/ventilating/lighting/...] equipment. P242 Use non-sparking tools. P243 Take action to prevent static discharges. P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. P264 Wash ... thoroughly after handling. P261 Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. P271 Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.
Response	P303+P361+P353 IF ON SKIN (or hair): Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water [or shower]. P370+P378 In case of fire: Use ... to extinguish. P305+P351+P338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. P337+P313 If eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention. P304+P340 IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing. P312 Call a POISON CENTER/doctor/\u2026if you feel unwell.
Storage	P403+P235 Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep cool. P403+P233 Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed. P405 Store locked up.
Disposal	P501 Dispose of contents/container to ...

2.3 Other hazards which do not result in classification

none

View all

6. NMR Spectrum

ESR : OXIDATION WITH TI(III)/H2O2

ESR : UV IRRAD. OF ACETONE AND ISOPROPANOL AT 4K

ESR : UV IRRAD. OF ACETONE AND ISOPROPANOL AT 77K

1H NMR : 90 MHz in CDCl3

Raman : 4880 A,150M,liquid

Mass

7. Synthesis Route

67-63-0Total: 167 Synthesis Route

57-55-6 968 Suppliers

71-23-8 248 Suppliers

67-63-0 131 Suppliers

Literatures:
Chemistry Letters, , vol. 41, # 12 p. 1720 - 1722
Yield: ~78%

56-81-5 1006 Suppliers

71-23-8 248 Suppliers

67-63-0 131 Suppliers

Literatures:
Thibault, Michelle E.; Dimondo, Domenico V.; Jennings, Michael; Abdelnur, Patricia Verardi; Eberlin, Marcos N.; Schlaf, Marcel Green Chemistry, 2011 , vol. 13, # 2 p. 357 - 366
Yield: ~18%

67-64-1

108-20-3 94 Suppliers

67-63-0 131 Suppliers

Literatures:
Journal of the American Chemical Society, , vol. 127, # 13 p. 4800 - 4808
Yield: ~4%

View all

8. Other Information

8.0 Usage: 2-Propanol is used as a solvent for gums, resins, alkaloids and essential oils, as a denaturant for ethyl alcohol and is used in lotions and cosmetics. It is used in keyboard, LCD and laptop cleaning, as a wetting agent in the fountain solution used in lithographic printing, and often used as a solvent for French polishing shellac used in cabinet making. It acts as hydride source in the Meerwein-Ponndorf-Verley reduction. It plays an important role in DNA extraction.

8.1 Usage: It acts as a solvent for gums, resins, alkaloids and essential oils. It is used in cosmetic lotions. Isopropyl alcohol is used as a cleansing agent for keyboards, LCD displays and laptops. It is used as a wetting agent in the fountain solution used in lithographic printing, and is often used as a solvent for french polishing shellac, which is used in cabinet making. It act as a hydride source in the Meerwein-Ponndorf-Verley reduction.

8.2 Usage: Solvent for Sol-Gel precursors2-Propanol acts as a solvent for pharmaceuticals, perfumes, gums, resins, alkaloids and essential oils. It is used in cosmetic lotions. Isopropyl alcohol is used as a cleaning agent for keyboards, LCD displays and laptops. It is used as a wetting agent in the fountain solution used in lithographic printing and is often used as a solvent for french polishing shellac, which is used in cabinet making. It acts as a hydride source in the popular Meerwein-Ponndorf-Verley reduction. It is used in huge quantities as a preferred solvent in the manufacture of fine chemicals, drugs, drug intermediates and formulations.

8.3 Usage: 2-Propanol acts as a solvent for pharmaceuticals, perfumes, gums, resins, alkaloids and essential oils. It is used in cosmetic lotions. Isopropyl alcohol is used as a cleaning agent for keyboards, LCD displays and laptops. It is used as a wetting agent in the fountain solution used in lithographic printing and is often used as a solvent for french polishing shellac, which is used in cabinet making. It acts as a hydride source in the popular Meerwein-Ponndorf-Verley reduction. It is used in huge quantities as a preferred solvent in the manufacture of fine chemicals, drugs, drug intermediates and formulations.

8.4 Usage: Suitable for environmental and GC analysis. Used in making cosmetics, skin and hair preparations, pharmaceuticals, perfumes, lacquer formulations, dye solutions, anti freezes, soaps and window cleaners.

8.5 Usage: 2-Propanol is used as a mobile phase in High Performance Liquid Chromatography and Liquid Chromatography coupled with Mass Spectrometry.

8.6 Usage: Solvent for gums, resins, alkaloids, essential oils. Denaturant for ethyl alcohol. In antifreeze compositions. It is used in lotions and cosmetics. Isopropyl alcohol is used in keyboard, LCD and laptop cleaning. It is used as a wetting agent in the fountain solution used in lithographic printing, and often used as a solvent for French polishing shellac used in cabinet making. It act as hydride source in the Meerwein-Ponndorf-Verley reduction

8.7 Storage Conditions: Propylene system of isopropyl alcohol, the process:
1 Indirect hydration method.
More than 50% propylene raw material gas is passed into the absorption tower, and is absorbed with 75% -85% concentrated sulfuric acid at 50 ℃ and low pressure to produce isopropyl hydrogen sulfate. Water was added to dilute the absorbing solution to a sulfuric acid content of 35%. The isopropyl alcohol was then hydrolyzed in the desorption column with low pressure steam to produce isopropyl alcohol. The crude distillation tower to isopropanol and water azeotropic composition, containing about 87% of isopropyl alcohol. And then continue to use distillation tower steamed to 95%, with benzene extraction, separation of water and then distillation, can be obtained with more than 99% isopropanol products.
2 Direct hydration of propylene.
Water were pressurized to 1.96MPa, and preheated to 200 ° C, after mixing into the reactor, the hydration reaction reactor equipped with diatomite catalyst, the reaction temperature is 95 ° C, the pressure is 0.96 MPa, the molar ratio of water to propylene was 0.7: 1, the one-way conversion of propylene was 5.2% and the selectivity was 99%. The reaction gas is sent to a high-pressure cooler and a high-pressure separator after being neutralized and heat-exchanged. The isopropanol in the gas phase is sprayed and recovered by deionized water in a recovery tower, and the gas of the reaction is recycled after being pressurized by a circulating compressor ( Keeping the propylene content in the recycle system at 85%). (15% -17%), the crude distillation tower was 85% -87% distillation of isopropanol aqueous solution, and then evaporated to 95% by distillation tower, and then extracted with benzene concentration to 99% or more.

8.8 Storage features: Fireproof. Separated from strong oxidants. Cool. Well closed.

9. Computational chemical data

Molecular Weight: 60.09502g/mol
Molecular Formula: C₃H₈O
Compound Is Canonicalized: True
XLogP3-AA: 0.3
Exact Mass: 60.057514874
Monoisotopic Mass: 60.057514874
Complexity: 10.8
Rotatable Bond Count: 0
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 1
Topological Polar Surface Area: 20.2
Heavy Atom Count: 4
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
CACTVS Substructure Key Fingerprint: AAADccBAIAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAGgAACAAACBSggAICAAAAAgAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAEAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA==

10. Question & Answer

Can I safely distill Isopropanol and Acetone in the same process? I.e. boil a mixture of the two to remove other contaminants; separating the two from each other is not necessary. Apr 19 2022
There is not reason that isopropanol and acetone cannot be heated together. The will distill out just fine. You probably could separate them, too as there boiling points differ by 26ºC. The only caveat may be in the contaminants but if they are, for example, salts or very high boiling materials, sh...
I accidentally ingested a very small drop of 50% isopropanol alcohol. Will I be okay? Mar 29 2022
Just a drop? I would not worry, besides the effects, if deleterious would have hit you before ending your Quora query.
Why doesn’t isopropanol but other alcohols react with active metals? Feb 26 2022
Isopropyl alcohol (not named isopropanol) does react with metals like sodium and potassium; however, the reaction is slower than with other alcohols. The products are, eventually, hydrogen gas, and the alkoxide salt of the metal.
Antibacterial properties of Ethanol and Isopropanol [closed] Nov 02 2021
This question is really a broad one. For example, see Karl's comment elsewhere. Yet, according to a review on the subject (Ref.1): Although several alcohols have been shown to be effective antimicrobials, ethyl alcohol (ethanol, alcohol), isopropyl alcohol (isopropanol, propan-2-ol) and n -propanol...

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