L-carnitine
- Iupac Name：(3R)-3-hydroxy-4-(trimethylazaniumyl)butanoate
- CAS No.: 541-15-1
- Molecular Weight：161.1989
- Modify Date.: 2022-10-28 09:16
- Introduction: L-carnitine is constituent of striated muscle and liver. It is used therapeutically to stimulate gastric and pancreatic secretions and in the treatment of hyperlipoproteinemias.Target: OthersL-Carnitine is an endogenous molecule involved in fatty acid metabolism, biosynthesized within the human body using amino acids: L-lysine and L-methionine, as substrates. L-Carnitine can also be found in many foods, but red meats, such as beef and lamb, are the best choices for adding carnitine into
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1. Names and Identifiers
- 1.1 Name
- L-carnitine
- 1.2 Synonyms
(&minus)-(R)-3-Hydroxy-4-(trimethylammonio)butyrate (±)-carnitine (-)-(R)-3-Hydroxy-4-(trimethylammonio)butyrate (-)-Carnitine (-)-L-Carnitin (3R)-3-Hydroxy-4-(trimethylammonio)butanoate (L-3-Carboxy-2-hydroxypropyl)trimethylammonium hydroxide inner salt (R)-3-Carboxy-2-hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethyl-1-propanaminium hydroxide inner salt (R)-3-hydroxy-4-(trimethylammonio)butanoate (R)-Carnitine 1-Propanaminium, 3-carboxy-2-hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethyl-, inner salt 1-Propanaminium, 3-carboxy-2-hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethyl-, inner salt, (2R)- 3-Carboxy-2-hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethyl-1-propanaminium Hydroxide Inner Salt 3-Hydroxy-4-(trimethylammonio)butanoate 3-Hydroxy-4-trimethylammoniobutanoate Ammonium, (3-carboxy-2-hydroxypropyl)trimethyl-, hydroxide, inner salt, L- BICARNESINE Cardiogen Carniking Carnitene carnitine carnitine (L-form) Carnitine DL-form Carnitine, (-)- Carnitine, L- Carnitor Carnitrine CAR-OH D,L-carnitine DL-Carnitine EINECS 208-768-0 g-Amino-b-hydroxybutyric Acid Trimethylbetaine g-Trimethylammonium-b-hydroxybutirate g-Trimethyl-b-hydroxybutyrobetaine karnitin L-(-)-Carnitine L(-)-Carnitine L-CARNITIN L-Carnitine inner salt MFCD00038747 Monocamin ST 198 UNII:S7UI8SM58A USPorFCC Vitamin BT Γ-Trimethyl-Β-hydroxybutyrobetaine
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- 1.3 CAS No.
- 541-15-1
- 1.4 CID
- 10917
- 1.5 EINECS(EC#)
- 208-768-0
- 1.6 Molecular Formula
- C7H15NO3 (isomer)
- 1.7 Inchi
- InChI=1S/C7H15NO3/c1-8(2,3)5-6(9)4-7(10)11/h6,9H,4-5H2,1-3H3/t6-/m1/s1
- 1.8 InChIkey
- PHIQHXFUZVPYII-ZCFIWIBFSA-N
- 1.9 Canonical Smiles
- C[N+](C)(C)CC(CC(=O)[O-])O
- 1.10 Isomers Smiles
- C[N+](C)(C)C[C@@H](CC(=O)[O-])O
2. Properties
- 2.1 Density
- 99%
- 2.1 Melting point
- 208-212℃
- 2.1 Boiling point
- 287.5°C (rough estimate)
- 2.1 Refractive index
- -32 ° (C=1, H2O)
- 2.1 Precise Quality
- 161.10500
- 2.1 PSA
- 60.36000
- 2.1 logP
- -1.80650
- 2.1 Solubility
- 2500 g/L (20 oC)
- 2.2 Appearance
- white crystalline powder
- 2.3 Storage
- Hygroscopic. Ambient temperatures.
- 2.4 Chemical Properties
- White or almost white, crystalline powder or colourless crystals, hygroscopic.
- 2.5 Color/Form
- Powder
- 2.6 PH
- 6.5-8.5 (50g/l, H2O)
- 2.7 pKa
- 3.80(at 25℃)
- 2.8 Water Solubility
- 2500 g/L (20 oC)
- 2.9 Spectral Properties
- The specific optical rotation is between -29 and -32
- 2.10 Stability
- Hygroscopic
- 2.11 StorageTemp
- 2-8°C
3. Use and Manufacturing
- 3.1 Definition
- ChEBI: The (R)-enantiomer of carnitine.
- 3.2 Usage
- antimethemoglobinemic, cyanide antidote
4. Safety and Handling
- 4.1 Hazard Codes
- Xi
- 4.1 Risk Statements
- R36/37/38
- 4.1 Safety Statements
- S26;S37/39
- 4.1 Exposure Standards and Regulations
- Since 1994, dietary supplements have been regulated under the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act (DSHEA). The DSHEA requires no proof of safety for dietary supplements on the market prior to October 15, 1994. Labeling requirements for such supplements allow warnings and dosage recommendations as well as substantiated "structure or function" claims. All claims must prominently note that they have not been evaluated by the FDA, and they must bear the statement "This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease".
- 4.2 Octanol/Water Partition Coefficient
- log Kow = -5.48 (est)
- 4.3 DisposalMethods
- SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.
- 4.4 RIDADR
- 25kgs
- 4.4 Formulations/Preparations
- Levocarnitine oral solution USP: 100 mg/mL (Carnitor). Levocarnitine tablets USP: 330 mg (Carnitor). Levocarnitine injection: 200 mg/mL (Carnitor).
L-carnitine is avail in a few forms: oral L-carnitine ... iv L-carnitine, acetyl-L-carnitine, propionyl-L-carnitine. The avail salts ... are L-carnitine HCL, L-carnitine tartrate and L-carnitine fumarate ... /Supplied in/ capsules, injection, liquid, solution, tablets, wafer
Trade names: Carnitor ... Carnitine-300 ... Carni Fuel ... Mega L-Carnitine ... Maximal Burner Carnitine ... Proxeed ...
- 4.5 WGK Germany
- 3
- 4.5 RTECS
- BP2980000
- 4.5 Safety
-
Hazard Codes: 
Xi
Risk Statements: 36/37/38?
R36/37/38: Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin.
Safety Statements: 26-36-37/39?
S26: In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice.?
S36: Wear suitable protective clothing.?
S37/39: Wear suitable gloves and eye/face protection.
WGK Germany: 3
RTECS: BP2980000
F: 3-10
Hazard Note: Irritant
HS Code: 29239000?
- 4.6 Specification
-
In animals, carnitine is biosynthesized primarily in the liver and kidneys from the amino acids lysine or methionine.Carnitine transports long-chain acyl groups from fatty acids into the mitochondrial matrix. L-Carnitine (CAS NO.541-15-1) products and supplements are not allowed to be imported into Canada (Health Canada).?It is stable under normal temperatures and pressures, and it?absorbs moisture or water from the air.?It should avoid the condition like incompatible materials, exposure to moist air or water. while, it is incompatibilities with other materials strong oxidizing agents. Its hazardous decomposition products are carbon monoxide, oxides of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide.?And its hazardous polymerization will not occur.
- 4.7 Toxicity
-
| Organism |
Test Type |
Route |
Reported Dose (Normalized Dose) |
Effect |
Source |
| dog |
LD50 |
unreported |
7gm/kg (7000mg/kg) |
? |
Cancer Treatment Reports. Vol. 63, Pg. 558, 1979. |
| mouse |
LD50 |
intraperitoneal |
750mg/kg (750mg/kg) |
? |
Gekkan Yakuji. Pharmaceuticals Monthly. Vol. 9, Pg. 759, 1967. |
| mouse |
LD50 |
subcutaneous |
9gm/kg (9000mg/kg) |
SENSE ORGANS AND SPECIAL SENSES: LACRIMATION: EYE
BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD
GASTROINTESTINAL: CHANGES IN STRUCTURE OR FUNCTION OF SALIVARY GLANDS |
Acta Biologica et Medica Germanica. Vol. 35, Pg. 645, 1976.
? |
?L-Carnitine (CAS NO.541-15-1) hasn't been listed as a carcinogen by ACGIH, IARC, NTP, or CA Prop 65. And the toxicological properties have not been fully investigated. You can see actual entry in RTECS for complete information. - View all
5. MSDS
2.Hazard identification
2.1 Classification of the substance or mixture
Skin irritation, Category 2
Eye irritation, Category 2
2.2 GHS label elements, including precautionary statements
| Pictogram(s) |  |
| Signal word | Warning |
| Hazard statement(s) | H315 Causes skin irritation H319 Causes serious eye irritation |
| Precautionary statement(s) | |
| Prevention | P264 Wash ... thoroughly after handling. P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. |
| Response | P302+P352 IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of water/... P321 Specific treatment (see ... on this label). P332+P313 If skin irritation occurs: Get medical advice/attention. P362+P364 Take off contaminated clothing and wash it before reuse. P305+P351+P338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. P337+P313 If eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention. |
| Storage | none |
| Disposal | none |
2.3 Other hazards which do not result in classification
none
7. Synthesis Route
541-15-1Total: 3 Synthesis Route
9. Other Information
- 9.0 Usage
- L-Carnitine is widely used as a nutritional supplement in food and beverage industries. It is used as a food additive. It acts as a cyanide antidote. It is also used in reversing and preventing hyperthyroid symptoms. It is a vitamin-like nutrient, which plays an important role in human metabolism.
10. Computational chemical data
- Molecular Weight: 161.1989g/mol
- Molecular Formula: C7H15NO3
- Compound Is Canonicalized: True
- XLogP3-AA: -0.2
- Exact Mass: 161.10519334
- Monoisotopic Mass: 161.10519334
- Complexity: 134
- Rotatable Bond Count: 3
- Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 1
- Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 3
- Topological Polar Surface Area: 60.4
- Heavy Atom Count: 11
- Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 1
- Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
- Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
- Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
- Isotope Atom Count: 0
- Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
- CACTVS Substructure Key Fingerprint: AAADccBiMAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAHgAACAAACBThgAYCCAMAAgAIAACQCAAAAAAAAAAAAAEIAAACEBQAgAAEQAAFIAAQAAAkAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA==
11. Question & Answer
-
When it comes to Vitamin BT, most people may not be familiar with it. However, when it comes to L-carnitine, many people have heard of it because L-carnitine has a wide range of effects and applicatio..
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L-carnitine, also known as L-carnitine, has similar chemical properties to amino acids and a certain foundation with amino acids. After taking this product, there is no need to worry about excessive h..
-
Most of us are familiar with L-carnitine, as it is present in many weight loss capsules or medications. Proper intake of L-carnitine is crucial for promoting weight loss and fat burning. L-carnitine t..
-
Title: The Fascinating World of L-Carnitine: Unlocking the Secrets of a Powerful Amino Acid Introduction: L-carnitine, also known as vitamin BT, is a remarkable amino acid that plays a crucial role in..
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