Lithium bromide
- Iupac Name：lithium;bromide
- CAS No.: 7550-35-8
- Molecular Weight：86.845
- Modify Date.: 2022-11-29 03:59
- Introduction: Lithium bromide (LiBr) is the chemical compound of lithium and bromine. It has extreme hygroscopic, making it a suitable desiccant in the air conditioning systems. It can also be used in absorption chilling together with water. It is also useful in the organic synthesis such as forming adduct with some pharmaceuticals. In medical fields, it can be used as a sedative and used for the treatment of bipolar disorder. It can be manufactured by the treatment of lithium carbonate with hydrobromic acid.
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1. Names and Identifiers
- 1.1 Name
- Lithium bromide
- 1.2 Synonyms
EINECS 231-439-8 ithium bromide LiBr Lithium Bromide 99. LITHIUM BROMIDE REAGENT Lithium bromide, 0.05M sol.in trifluoroethanol, filt.over 0.45 micron, pure LITHIUM HALIDE LITHIUM MONOBROMIDE Lithiumbromid Lithiumbromide lithiummonobromide lithiun bromide MFCD00011077 thiuM broMide UNII-864G646I84
- 1.3 CAS No.
- 7550-35-8
- 1.4 CID
- 82050
- 1.5 EINECS(EC#)
- 231-439-8
- 1.6 Molecular Formula
- BrLi (isomer)
- 1.7 Inchi
- InChI=1S/BrH.Li/h1H;/q;+1/p-1
- 1.8 InChkey
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M
- 1.9 Canonical Smiles
- [Li+].[Br-]
- 1.10 Isomers Smiles
- [Li+].[Br-]
2. Properties
- 2.1 Density
- 3.464
- 2.1 Melting point
- 550℃
- 2.1 Boiling point
- 1265℃
- 2.1 Refractive index
- 1.784
- 2.1 Flash Point
- 29℃
- 2.1 Precise Quality
- 85.934334
- 2.1 PSA
- 0.00000
- 2.1 logP
- -2.99600
- 2.1 Solubility
- 61 g/100 mL (25 º C)
- 2.2 Appearance
- DryPowder, Liquid; DryPowder, WetSolid
- 2.3 Storage
- Hygroscopic. Store under Nitrogen. Ambient temperatures.
- 2.4 Physical Properties
- Lithium bromide is a white, crystalline, deliquescent solid. Aqueous solutions of lithium bromide have unusually low water vapor pressures. The following hydrates are formed: LiBr·H2O, LiBr-2H2O, LiBr-3H2O and LiBr-5H2O. All hydrates have incongruent melting points. Concentrated aqueous solutions of lithium bromide can dissolve significant quantities of polar organic substances such as cellulose. Lithium bromide, like lithium chloride, is soluble in polar organic solvents such as alcohols.
- 2.5 Color/Form
- White
- 2.6 Water Solubility
- H2O: 61 g/100 mL (25 o C)
- 2.7 Stability
- Stable. Anhydrous form is extremely hygroscopic.
- 2.8 StorageTemp
- Inert atmosphere,Room Temperature
3. Use and Manufacturing
- 3.1 Definition
- ChEBI: A lithium salt in which the counterion is bromide. The anhydrous salt forms cubic crystals similar to common salt.
- 3.2 Purification Methods
- Crystallise it several times from water or EtOH, then dry it under high vacuum for 2 days at room temperature, followed by drying at 100o. Its solubility in H2O is 167% at ~20o, and 250% at ~100o. It is deliquescent and should be stored in a tightly stoppered vessel. Lithium bromide Preparation Products And Raw materials Preparation Products
- 3.3 Usage
- Lithium bromide is used in absorption, refrigeration and air-conditioning systems. A highly concentrated solution of the salt is an efficient absorbent of water vapor. The vapor pressure of such solution is very low. Other applications include the use of the salt as a swelling agent for wool, hair and other organic fibers; as a catalyst in dehydrohalogenation reactions; and as a sedative and hypnotic in medicine.
4. Safety and Handling
- 4.1 Symbol
- GHS07
- 4.1 Hazard Codes
- Xn
- 4.1 Signal Word
- Warning
- 4.1 Risk Statements
- R22
- 4.1 Safety Statements
- S16;S36/37/39;S45
- 4.1 Hazard Declaration
- H302-H315-H317-H319
- 4.1 RIDADR
- UN 2056 3/PG 2
- 4.1 Caution Statement
- P280-P305 + P351 + P338
- 4.1 WGK Germany
- 2
- 4.1 RTECS
- OJ5755000
- 4.1 Sensitive
- Hygroscopic
5. MSDS
2.Hazard identification
2.1 Classification of the substance or mixture
Acute toxicity - Oral, Category 4
Skin irritation, Category 2
Skin sensitization, Category 1
Eye irritation, Category 2
2.2 GHS label elements, including precautionary statements
| Pictogram(s) |  |
| Signal word | Warning |
| Hazard statement(s) | H315 Causes skin irritation H317 May cause an allergic skin reaction H319 Causes serious eye irritation |
| Precautionary statement(s) | |
| Prevention | P264 Wash ... thoroughly after handling. P270 Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product. P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. P261 Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. P272 Contaminated work clothing should not be allowed out of the workplace. |
| Response | P301+P312 IF SWALLOWED: Call a POISON CENTER/doctor/\u2026if you feel unwell. P330 Rinse mouth. P302+P352 IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of water/... P321 Specific treatment (see ... on this label). P332+P313 If skin irritation occurs: Get medical advice/attention. P362+P364 Take off contaminated clothing and wash it before reuse. P333+P313 If skin irritation or rash occurs: Get medical advice/attention. P305+P351+P338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. P337+P313 If eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention. |
| Storage | none |
| Disposal | P501 Dispose of contents/container to ... |
2.3 Other hazards which do not result in classification
none
6. Synthesis Route
7550-35-8Total: 37 Synthesis Route
8. Other Information
- 8.0 Usage
- Employed as adsorbents, functional fluids (closed systems) and intermediates. Used as an operating medium for air-conditioning and industrial drying system. It is also used in manufacturing pharmaceuticals and alkylation process. It is used as brazing and welding fluxes. Used for reconstitution of brines, as swelling agent for proteins, as electrolyte component in lithium batteries.
- 8.1 Usage
- It is used for reconstitution of brines, as swelling agent for proteins and as electrolyte component in lithium battery. Used as brazing and welding flux. Lithium bromide is used as catalyst for the condensation of carbonyl compounds with active methylene compounds in the absence of solvent, operating medium for air-conditioning and industrial drying system. Also used in manufacturing pharmaceuticals and alkylation process. It also plays an important role in the synthesis of dihydropyrimidinones.
- 8.2 Usage
- Pharmaceuticals, air-conditioning, humectant, drying agent, batteries, low temperature heat-exchange mediumLithium bromide is used for reconstitution of brines, as swelling agent for proteins and as electrolyte component in lithium battery. Used as brazing and welding flux. Lithium bromide is used as catalyst for the condensation of carbonyl compounds with active methylene compounds in the absence of solvent, operating medium for air-conditioning and industrial drying system. Also used in manufacturing pharmaceuticals and alkylation process. It also plays an important role in the synthesis of dihydropyrimidinones.
- 8.3 Usage
- Lithium bromide is used for reconstitution of brines, as swelling agent for proteins and as electrolyte component in lithium battery. Used as brazing and welding flux. Lithium bromide is used as catalyst for the condensation of carbonyl compounds with active methylene compounds in the absence of solvent, operating medium for air-conditioning and industrial drying system. Also used in manufacturing pharmaceuticals and alkylation process. It also plays an important role in the synthesis of dihydropyrimidinones.
- 8.4 Manufacturing Info
- All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing|Lithium bromide (LiBr): ACTIVE
- 8.5 Merck
- 14,5526
- 8.6 Description
- Lithium bromide (LiBr) is the chemical compound of lithium and bromine. It has extreme hygroscopic, making it a suitable desiccant in the air conditioning systems. It can also be used in absorption chilling together with water. It is also useful in the organic synthesis such as forming adduct with some pharmaceuticals. In medical fields, it can be used as a sedative and used for the treatment of bipolar disorder. It can be manufactured by the treatment of lithium carbonate with hydrobromic acid.
- 8.7 Physical properties
- Lithium bromide is a white, crystalline, deliquescent solid. Aqueous solutions of lithium bromide have unusually low water vapor pressures. The following hydrates are formed: LiBr·H2O, LiBr-2H2O, LiBr-3H2O and LiBr-5H2O. All hydrates have incongruent melting points. Concentrated aqueous solutions of lithium bromide can dissolve significant quantities of polar organic substances such as cellulose. Lithium bromide, like lithium chloride, is soluble in polar organic solvents such as alcohols.
- 8.8 Uses
- Lithium bromide is used in absorption, refrigeration and air-conditioning systems. A highly concentrated solution of the salt is an efficient absorbent of water vapor. The vapor pressure of such solution is very low. Other applications include the use of the salt as a swelling agent for wool, hair and other organic fibers; as a catalyst in dehydrohalogenation reactions; and as a sedative and hypnotic in medicine.
- 8.9 Preparation
- Lithium bromide is prepared by neutralizing lithium hydroxide or lithium carbonate with an aqueous solution of hydrobromic acid, followed by concentration and crystallization:
LiOH + HBr → LiBr + H2O
Li2CO3 + HBr → LiBr + CO2 + H2O
The salt is usually obtained as hydrates. Anhydrous lithium bromide is obtained by heating hydrated salt under vacuum.
- 8.10 Chemical Properties
- White cubic crystals; hygroscopic; refractive index 1.784; density 3.464 g/cm3; melts at 550°C; vaporizes at 1,265°C; highly soluble in water (145g/100g at 4°C), much greater solubility in hot water (254g/100g at 90°C); soluble in methanol, ethanol and ether; slightly soluble in pyridine; vapor pressure of aqueous solutions at 52 and 68% concentrations at 25°C are 5 and 0.7 torr, respectively.
- 8.11 Uses
- Lithium Bromide finds use as a desiccant in industrial air conditioning systems and industrial drying agents.
- 8.12 Uses
- As humectant, in air-conditioning systems. An aqueous solution of lithium bromide containing about 50 % lithium bromide is used as an absorbent in large-scale absorption air conditioning equipment. Lithium bromide is also used in limited amounts by the pharmaceutical industry for dehydrobromination of organic compounds to form olefins.
- 8.13 Definition
- ChEBI: A lithium salt in which the counterion is bromide. The anhydrous salt forms cubic crystals similar to common salt.
- 8.14 Preparation
- Lithium bromide may be prepared by the reaction of lithium hydroxide monohydrate or lithium carbonate with hydrobromic acid. The resultant solution of lithium bromide may be evaporated and cooled to crystallize a hydrate of lithium bromide, the composition of which depends on the final temperature. The lithium bromide hydrate may be filtered from the mixture and carefully dried by the application of heat in a vacuum desiccator to avoid melting the hydrate.
- 8.15 General Description
-
LiBr/Chlorotrimethylsilane reagent participates in the conversion of alcohols to bromides.
9. Computational chemical data
- Molecular Weight: 86.845g/mol
- Molecular Formula: BrLi
- Compound Is Canonicalized: True
- XLogP3-AA: null
- Exact Mass: 85.93434
- Monoisotopic Mass: 85.93434
- Complexity: 2
- Rotatable Bond Count: 0
- Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
- Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 1
- Topological Polar Surface Area: 0
- Heavy Atom Count: 2
- Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
- Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
- Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
- Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
- Isotope Atom Count: 0
- Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 2
- CACTVS Substructure Key Fingerprint: AAADcQgAAAAAEAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA==
10. Question & Answer
-
Well the silver halides are soluble as bricks …. and addition of a halide salt to a soluble silver salt (usually silver nitrate) will result in the precipitate of fine, possibly curdy, deposit of silver halide… And we could represent the reaction… Silver bromide precipitates as a cream-coloured ...
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Why has lithium bromide a slight solubility in organic solvents? Theoretical, LiBr is an ionic compounds, so it should be only soluble in polar solvent like water. But why is it soluble in others?
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I'm running gel permeation chromatography (GPC) of a polar, uncharged polymer (acrylamide-based) in a polar solvent ( dimethylformamide ). The literature recommends adding a salt to the eluent; for my particular experiment, I'm using 0.05 M LiBr ( example ). Other salts are reported ( Sodium Sulfat...
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Lithium bromide is a lithium salt in which the counterion is bromide. The anhydrous salt forms cubic crystals similar to common salt. It is a bromide salt and a lithium salt.Lithium bromide is a chemical compound of lithium and bromine. Its extreme hygroscopic character makes LiBr useful as a desic...
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