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Vanadium
- Iupac Name：vanadium
- CAS No.: 7440-62-2
- Molecular Weight：50.9415
- Modify Date.: 2022-11-03 07:37
- Introduction: Vanadium was discovered in 1801 by Mexican mineralogist Manuel del Rio in a lead ore in Hidalgo, Mexico. He named it erythronium because of the red color its salts when heated with acids. However, del Rio’s discovery was mistakenly thought at that time to be a form of impure chromium. Swedish chemist Sefstrom in 1830 rediscovered this element detecting an unknown metal in the iron ores of Taberg, Sweden. He named it vanadium after the Scandinavian goddess Vanadis. Later in 1830, Wohler determined that del Rio’s erythronium and Sefstrom’s vanadium were the same element. Vanadium metal was prepared for the first time by Roscoe in 1867 in somewhat impure form, as a silvery-white powder, by reduction of vanadium chloride, VCl2, with hydrogen. Hunter and Jones in 1923 prepared the metal at 99.5% purity as a fine gray powder by thermal reduction of vanadium trichloride with sodium in a steel bomb.
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1. Names and Identifiers
- 1.1 Name
- Vanadium
- 1.2 Synonyms
Atomic vanadium Vanadium element Vanadium foil100x200mm Vanadium foil150x200mm Vanadium-51 VN 200
- 1.3 CAS No.
- 7440-62-2
- 1.4 CID
- 23990
- 1.5 EINECS(EC#)
- 231-171-1
- 1.6 Inchi
- InChI=1S/V
- 1.7 InChkey
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- 1.8 Canonical Smiles
- [V]
- 1.9 Isomers Smiles
- [V]
2. Properties
- 2.1 Density
- 6.11 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
- 2.1 Melting point
- 1717℃
- 2.1 Boiling point
- 3000℃
- 2.1 Refractive index
- Index of refraction = 3.03
- 2.1 Precise Quality
- 50.94400
- 2.1 PSA
- 0.00000
- 2.1 logP
- 0.00000
- 2.1 Solubility
- H2O: soluble
- 2.2 Appearance
- metallic grey rod or chunks
- 2.3 Storage
- Ambient temperatures.
- 2.4 Carcinogenicity
- The results of 2-year NTP inhalation study on F344/N rats (at concentrations of 0, 5, 1, or 2mg/m3) and B6C3F1 mice (at concentrations of 1, 2, or 4mg/m3)exposedfor6hperdayfor5daysperweekindicate clear evidence of carcinogenic activity of vanadium pentoxide based on the occurrence of alveolar/bronchiolar neoplasms. Exposure to V2O5 caused a spectrum of nonneoplastic lesions in the respiratory tract (nose, larynx, and lung), including alveolar and bronchiolar epithelium hyperplasia, in?ammation, ?brosis, and alveolar histiocytosis of the lung in male and female rats and mice, and an unusual squamous metaplasia of the lung in male and female rats. Hyperplasiaofthebronchiallymphnodesoccurredinfemale mice. In a 16-day inhalation study in rat, alveolar and bronchiolar epithelial hyperplasia was observed in most rats exposed to 2 or 4mg/m3 V2O5 on days 6 and 13.
- 2.5 Color/Form
- Light gray or white lustrous powder, fused hard lumps or body-centered cubic crystals
Pure vanadium is a bright white metal; soft and ductile
Gray-white metal; cubic.
Steel gray with a bluish tinge.
- 2.6 Decomposition
- When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of /vanadium oxide/.
- 2.7 Heat of Vaporization
- 458.6 kJ/mol
- 2.8 Odor
- Odorless
- 2.9 Water Solubility
- H2O: soluble
- 2.10 Spectral Properties
- Index of refraction = 3.03
- 2.11 Stability
- Stable. Incompatible with strong acids, strong oxidizing agents.
- 2.12 StorageTemp
- Storage temperature: no restrictions.
3. Use and Manufacturing
- 3.1 Agricultural Uses
- Vanadium (V) is a silvery-white, metallic, transitionelement of Group 5 of the Periodic Table andexhibits a range of valencies from +2 to +5. The orescontaining vanadium include vanadite and carnotite.The pure metal, formed by the reduction of vanadiumoxide with calcium, is generally used as an alloyingelement for steel and iron. Several vanadium compoundsare used as oxidation catalysts. They are also used ascoloring agents in the ceramic industry. Vanadium comes under the category of beneficialelements which are non-essential but beneficial to plantgrowth. It is a very useful nutrient for the green alga Scenedesmus, but the exact amount of vanadium neededfor the growth of higher plants is yet to be established. Vanadium may replace molybdenum to some extentin nitrogen fixation by micro-organisms such asAzotobacter and Rhizobium. An increase in growth due tovanadium is seen in asparagus, rice, lettuce, barley andcorn. It has also been speculated that vanadium mayfunction in biological oxidation-reduction reactions. Vanadium stimulates growth and nitrogenase activityin Anabaena variabilis in the absence of molybdenum.Low concentrations of vanadium are beneficial for theoptimal growth of micro-organisms and higher plants.Generally, the concentration of vanadium in plants isabout 1 ppm.
- 3.2 Environmental Fate
- Natural sources of vanadium in soil come from minerals (over 50 known minerals containing vanadium; Box 37.2) and from the atmospheric deposition of marine aerosols and particulate matter of volcanic origin. Vanadium is not typically mined for directly but is recovered while mining for other minerals. In addition, anthropogenic sources of vanadium also find their way into soil primarily fromthe deposition of particulatematter from fossil fuel combustion sources (e.g., coal- and oil-fueled power plants). Themovement of vanadiumin soil is heavilypH dependent since most vanadium minerals are not soluble in neutral water.The presence of vanadium in the atmosphere is primarily in the form of compounds bound to particulate matter as gaseous species of vanadium do not exist at ambient temperatures. Examples of vanadium compounds bound to particulate matter include vanadium pentoxide (V2O5), but most measurements of vanadium bound to particles is measured as elemental vanadium and is not speciated to specific compounds or minerals. Vanadium-enriched particles can dry deposit, as do particles in general, as well as be rained out with particles either acting as condensation nuclei or being absorbed directly into water droplets.
- 3.3 Potential Exposure
- Vanadium is used as a catalyst in theproduction of synthetic rubber and sulfuric acid. Most of thevanadium produced is used in ferrovanadium and of this themajority is used in high speed and other alloy steels withonly small amounts in tool or structural steels. It is usuallycombined with chromium, nickel, manganese, boron, andtungsten in steel alloys.
- 3.4 Produe Method
- World resources of vanadium exceed 63 million tons. Vanadium occurs in deposits of phosphate rock, titaniferous magnetite, and uraniferous sandstone and siltstone, in which it constitutes less than 2% of the host rock. Signi?cant amounts are also present in bauxite and carboniferous materials,suchascoal,crudeoil,oilshale,andtarsands(19). Vanadium is usually recovered as a by-product or a coproduct during the extraction of other compounds, such as iron, titanium, phosphate, or petroleum. It is extracted from carnotite, phosphate rock deposits, titaniferous magnetites, and vanadiferous clays. A process called salt roasting during the initial stage of extraction produces the oxide concentrate. The ores, petroleum residues, iodide thermal decomposition products, and slags formed during ferrovanadate production are crushed, dried, ?nely ground, mixed with a sodium salt, and roasted. The hot ore, containing sodium metavanadate, precipitates as a red cake, is then mixedwithsulfuricacid,andtheresultantprecipitateisdried to form vanadium pentoxide. The vanadium pentoxide can then be processed further to form the required vanadium compound. Pure vanadium is dif?cult to obtain as it tends to be readily contaminated with other elements. Methods to extract pure vanadium include iodide re?ning, electrolytic re?ning in a fused salt, and electrotransport. The highest purity vanadium has been puri?ed by the electrotransport technique. High-purity ductile vanadium can be obtainedbyreductionofvanadiumchloridewithmagnesium or with magnesium-sodium mixtures. Much of thevanadium metal is now produced by calcium reduction of V2O5 in a pressure vessel.
- 3.5 Purification Methods
- Clean the metal by rapid exposure consecutively to HNO3, HCl, HF, de-ionised water and reagent grade acetone, then dry it in a vacuum desiccator. [Brauer in Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry (Ed. Brauer) Academic Press Vol II pp 1252-1255 1965.]
- 3.6 Shipping
- UN3285 Vanadium compound, n.o.s., HazardClass: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials, Technical NameRequired. This number includes vanadium fume or dust.
- 3.7 Usage
- Vanadium was discovered in 1801 by Mexican mineralogist Manuel del Rio in a lead ore in Hidalgo, Mexico. He named it erythronium because of the red color its salts when heated with acids. However, del Rio’s discovery was mistakenly thought at that time to be a form of impure chromium. Swedish chemist Sefstrom in 1830 rediscovered this element detecting an unknown metal in the iron ores of Taberg, Sweden. He named it vanadium after the Scandinavian goddess Vanadis. Later in 1830, Wohler determined that del Rio’s erythronium and Sefstrom’s vanadium were the same element. Vanadium metal was prepared for the first time by Roscoe in 1867 in somewhat impure form, as a silvery-white powder, by reduction of vanadium chloride, VCl2, with hydrogen. Hunter and Jones in 1923 prepared the metal at 99.5% purity as a fine gray powder by thermal reduction of vanadium trichloride with sodium in a steel bomb.
4. Safety and Handling
- 4.1 Hazard Codes
- Xi
- 4.1 Risk Statements
- R36/37/38
- 4.1 Safety Statements
- S24/25
- 4.1 Packing Group
- II
- 4.1 Other Preventative Measures
- Personnel protection: Avoid breathing dusts, and fumes from burning material. Keep upwind. ... Avoid bodily contact with the material. ... Do not handle broken packages unless wearing appropriate personal protective equipment. Wash away any material which may have contacted the body with copious amounts of water or soap and water. /Vanadium compound, NOS/
SRP: Local exhaust ventilation should be applied wherever there is an incidence of point source emissions or dispersion of regulated contaminants in the work area. Ventilation control of the contaminant as close to its point of generation is both the most economical and safest method to minimize personnel exposure to airborne contaminants.
SRP: Contaminated protective clothing should be segregated in such a manner so that there is no direct personal contact by personnel who handle, dispose, or clean the clothing. Quality assurance to ascertain the completeness of the cleaning procedures should be implemented before the decontaminated protective clothing is returned for reuse by the workers. Contaminated clothing should not be taken home at end of shift, but should remain at employee's place of work for cleaning.
SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.
Safety showers and eyewash fountains should be located in or near areas where gross exposures to vanadium compounds are likely to occur and should be properly maintained. If vanadium compounds, especially the halide or oxyhalide liquids, come in contact with the skin, the affected area should be flushed promptly with water. The eyes, if splashed or otherwise contaminated with these reactive halides, should be flushed immediately and thoroughly with water at low pressure. The employee should then be taken promptly to the nearest medical facility to determine the need for further treatment. /Vanadium compounds/
In processes assoc with mfr of metallic vanadium, & in sieving of used catalyst during maintenance operations, the escape of dust should be prevented by the enclosure of process & by provision of exhaust ventilation. In boiler cleaning in power stations & on ships, maintenance workers may have to enter the boilers to remove soot & to make repairs. These workers should wear adequate respiratory protective equipment with full face mask & eye protection. /Vanadium, alloys and cmpds/
The worker should immediately wash the skin when it becomes contaminated. /Vanadium dust/
Work clothing that becomes wet or significantly contaminated should be removed and replaced. /Vanadium dust/
If material not on fire and not involved in fire: Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away. Keep material out of water sources and sewers. /Vanadium compound, NOS/
- 4.2 Hazard Class
- 4.1
- 4.2 Cleanup Methods
- Environmental considerations: Water spill: Use natural deep water pockets, excavated lagoons, or sand bag barriers to trap material at bottom. Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates. /Vanadium compound, NOS/
Environmental considerations: Land spill: Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material. /SRP: If time permits, pits, ponds, lagoons, soak holes, or holding areas should be sealed with an impermeable flexible membrane liner./ Cover solids with plastic sheet to prevent dissolving in rain or fire fighting water. Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete. /Vanadium compound, NOS/
- 4.3 DisposalMethods
- SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.
Waste material contaminated with vanadium shall be disposed of in a manner not hazardous to employees. The disposal method must conform with applicable local, state, and federal regulations and must not constitute a hazard to the surrounding population or environment.
The following wastewater treatment technologies have been investigated for vanadium: Concentration process: chemical precipitation.
- 4.4 DOT Emergency Guidelines
- /GUIDE 151: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC (NON-COMBUSTIBLE)/ Health: Highly toxic, may be fatal if inhaled, swallowed or absorbed through skin. Avoid any skin contact. Effects of contact or inhalation may be delayed. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution. /Vanadium compound, NOS/
/GUIDE 151: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC (NON-COMBUSTIBLE)/ Fire or Explosion: Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes. Containers may explode when heated. Runoff may pollute waterways. /Vanadium compound, NOS/
/GUIDE 151: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC (NON-COMBUSTIBLE)/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number ... . As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at lease 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Keep out of low areas. /Vanadium compound, NOS/
/GUIDE 151: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC (NON-COMBUSTIBLE)/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection. Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible. /Vanadium compound, NOS/
/GUIDE 151: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC (NON-COMBUSTIBLE)/ Evacuation: ... Fire: If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. /Vanadium compound, NOS/
/GUIDE 151: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC (NON-COMBUSTIBLE)/ Fire: Small fires: Dry chemical, CO2 or water spray. Large fires: Water spray, fog or regular foam. Move containers from fire area if you can do it without risk. Dike fire control water for later disposal; do not scatter the material. Use water spray or fog; do not use straight streams. Fire involving tanks or car/trailer loads: Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles. Do not get water inside containers. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank. ALWAYS stay away from tanks engulfed in fire. For massive fire, use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn. /Vanadium compound, NOS/
/GUIDE 151: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC (NON-COMBUSTIBLE)/ Spill or Leak: Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. Cover with plastic sheet to prevent spreading. Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers. DO NOT GET WATER INSIDE CONTAINERS. /Vanadium compound, NOS/
/GUIDE 151: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC (NON-COMBUSTIBLE)/ First Aid: Move victim to fresh air. Call 911 or emergency medical service. Give artificial respiration if victim is not breathing. Do not use mouth-to-mouth method if victim ingested or inhaled the substance; give artificial respiration with the aid of a pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other proper respiratory medical device. Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult. Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes. In case of contact with substance, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes. For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin. Keep victim warm and quiet. Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion or skin contact) to substance may be delayed. Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved and take precautions to protect themselves. /Vanadium compound, NOS/
- 4.5 RIDADR
- UN 3289 6.1/PG 2
- 4.5 Fire Fighting Procedures
- If material on fire or involved in fire: Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire. (Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty.) Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Use "alcohol" foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide. /Vanadium compound, NOS/
- 4.6 FirePotential
- Moderate, in the form of dust, when exposed to heat or flame, sparks.
- 4.7 Safety Profile
- An inhalation hazard.Poison by subcutaneous route. Questionablecarcinogen with experimental tumorigenicdata. Flammable in dust form from heat,flame, or sparks. Violent reaction with BrF3,Cl2, lithium, nitryl fluoride, oxidants. Whenheated to decomposition it emits toxicfumes of VOx. See also VANADIUMCOMPOUNDS.
- 4.8 Formulations/Preparations
- Grade: 99.99% pure (electrolytic process), single crystals
The product grades, which may contain 35-80% (by wt) vanadium, are classified according to their vanadium content. The consumer use & grade desired dictate the choice of reductant.
- 4.9 Incompatibilities
- Dust may form explosive mixture withair. Dust, fume, and powders are a strong reducing agent;incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides,permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine,etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep awayfrom alkaline materials, strong bases, strong acids, oxoacids,epoxides, bromine trifluoride, lithium, nitryl fluoride,chlorine trifluoride. VanadiumSupplier
- 4.10 WGK Germany
- 3
- 4.10 RTECS
- YW1355000
- 4.10 Protective Equipment and Clothing
- The employer shall use engineering controls if needed to keep the concentration of airborne vanadium at or below the limits specified and shall provide protective clothing and equipment resistant to the penetration of vanadium when necessary to prevent gross skin and eye contact with liquid vanadium solutions. Protective equipment suitable for emergency use shall be located at clearly identified stations outside the work area.
Because vanadium compounds caused irritation of the respiratory tract, /it is recommended/ that protective equipment be worn while processing those compounds and that workers have periodic medical examinations. /Vanadium compounds/
Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact. /Vanadium dust/
Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact. /Vanadium dust/
Respirator Recommendations: Up to 0.5 mg/cu m: (Assigned protection factor = 10) Any air-purifying respirator with a high-efficiency particulate filter. Substance reported to cause eye irritation or damage; may require eye protection. /(Assigned protection factor = 10) Any supplied-air respirator. Substance reported to cause eye irritation or damage; may require eye protection. /Vanadium dust (as V); Vanadium fume (as V)/
Respirator Recommendations: Up to 1.25 mg/cu m: (Assigned protection factor = 25) Any supplied-air respirator operated in a continuous-flow mode. Substance reported to cause eye irritation or damage; may require eye protection./ (Assigned protection factor = 25) Any powered, air-purifying respirator with a high-efficiency particulate filter. Substance reported to cause eye irritation or damage; may require eye protection. /Vanadium dust (as V); Vanadium fume (as V)/
Respirator Recommendations: Up to 2.5 mg/cu m: (Assigned protection factor = 50) Any air-purifying, full-face respirator with a high-efficiency particulate filter/ (Assigned protection factor = 50) Any powered, air-purifying respirator with a tight-fitting facepiece and a high-efficiency particulate filter. Substance reported to cause eye irritation or damage; may require eye protection./ (Assigned protection factor = 50) Any self-contained breathing apparatus with a full facepiece./ (Assigned protection factor = 50) Any supplied-air respirator with a full facepiece. /Vanadium dust (as V); Vanadium fume (as V)/
Respirator Recommendations: Up to 35 mg/cu m: (Assigned protection factor = 2000) Any supplied-air respirator that has a full facepiece and is operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode. /Vanadium dust (as V); Vanadium fume (as V)/
Respirator Recommendations: Emergency or planned entry into unknown concentrations or IDLH conditions: (Assigned protection factor = 10,000) Any self-contained breathing apparatus that has a full facepiece and is operated in a pressure-demand or other positive pressure-mode./ (Assigned protection factor = 10,000) Any supplied-air respirator that has a full facepiece and is operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode in combination with an auxiliary self-contained breathing apparatus. /Vanadium dust (as V); Vanadium fume (as V)/
Respirator Recommendations: Escape: (Assigned protection factor = 50) Any air-purifying, full-facepiece respirator with a high-efficiency particulate filter./ Any appropriate escape-type, self-contained breathing apparatus. /Vanadium dust (as V); Vanadium fume (as V)/
- 4.11 Reactivities and Incompatibilities
- Powdered vanadium ... react with bromine trifluoride, producing incandescence.
When nitryl fluoride ... at ambient temperature /is passed/ over molybdenum, potassium, sodium, thorium, uranium or zirconium, glowing or white incandescence occurs. Mild warming is needed to initiate similar reactions of ... vanadium ...
Violent reaction with bromine trifluoride, chlorine, lithium, oxidants.
Powdered vanadium explodes with chlorine, even at 0 deg C.
Vanadium dissolves in oxidizing acids (e.g., nitric acid, concentrated sulfuric acid, aqua regia) and in hydrofluoric acid. ...Dissolves very slowly in fused alkalies, producing salts: vanadates... and hydrogen.
The metal precipitates gold, silver and platinum from their salts; reduces mercuric salts to mercurous, ferric salts for ferrous.
Lithium, chlorine trifluoride /Vanadium dust, Vanadium fume/
- 4.12 Report
-
Reported in EPA TSCA Inventory.
- 4.13 Skin, Eye, and Respiratory Irritations
- Potential symptoms of overexposure to dust or fumes are irritation of eyes, skin, throat... .
Vanadium is a primary irritant to the ... skin.
- 4.14 Safety
-
An inhalation hazard. Poison by subcutaneous route. Questionable carcinogen with experimental tumorigenic data. Flammable in dust form from heat, flame, or sparks. Violent reaction with BrF3, Cl2, lithium, nitryl fluoride, oxidants. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of VOx. See also vanadium compounds.
Analytical Methods:
For occupational chemical analysis use niosh: Elements (ICP), 7300.
Safety Information of Vanadium (CAS NO.7440-62-2):
Hazard Codes: Xi.gif)
Risk Statements: 36/38-36/37/38
36: Irritating to the eyes
37: Irritating to the respiratory system
38 Irritating to the skin
Safety Statements: 26-36-45-7
7: Keep container tightly closed
26: In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice
36: Wear suitable protective clothing
45: In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show label where possible)
- 4.15 Toxicity
-
| Organism |
Test Type |
Route |
Reported Dose (Normalized Dose) |
Effect |
Source |
| rabbit |
LD50 |
subcutaneous |
59mg/kg (59mg/kg) |
|
Farmakologiya i Toksikologiya Vol. 28, Pg. 83, 1965. |
5. MSDS
2.Hazard identification
2.1 Classification of the substance or mixture
Not classified.
2.2 GHS label elements, including precautionary statements
| Pictogram(s) | No symbol. |
| Signal word | No signal word. |
| Hazard statement(s) | none |
| Precautionary statement(s) | |
| Prevention | none |
| Response | none |
| Storage | none |
| Disposal | none |
2.3 Other hazards which do not result in classification
none
6. Synthesis Route
7440-62-2Total: 6 Synthesis Route
8. Computational chemical data
- Molecular Weight: 50.9415g/mol
- Molecular Formula: V
- Compound Is Canonicalized: True
- XLogP3-AA: null
- Exact Mass: 50.943958
- Monoisotopic Mass: 50.943958
- Complexity: 0
- Rotatable Bond Count: 0
- Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
- Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 0
- Topological Polar Surface Area: 0
- Heavy Atom Count: 1
- Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
- Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
- Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
- Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
- Isotope Atom Count: 0
- Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
- CACTVS Substructure Key Fingerprint: AAADcQAAAAAAAAEAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA==
9. Question & Answer
-
Is it not V ( + V ) " style="position: relative;" tabindex="0" id="MathJax-Element-1-Frame" class="MathJax" V ( + V ) V ( + V ) ? You gots 3 ammonium cations, each with a single positive charge… and this leaves V O 4 3 − " style="position: relative;" tabindex="0" id="MathJax-Element-2-F...
-
There are three primary vanadium producers in South Africa. Of the three; Highveld Steel and Vanadium Corporation is the largest, followed by Vametcor and Rhovan at distant second and third place, respectively. Highveld Steel and Vanadium Corporation’s Vanchem plant sources the magnetite ore from ...
-
Sure does. The molecular formula is VH5 (Vanadium is in the 5+ oxidation state). For information regarding this compound see Vanadium hydride .
-
magnesium and aluminum Tsavorite was first discovered in the 1960's in Tanzania. It was named for Tsavo Park.
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