Zinc bromide

Iupac Name：dibromozinc

Molecular Weight：225.217

Modify Date.: 2022-11-25 02:14

Introduction: Zinc bromide (chemical formula: ZnBr2) is an inorganic compound consisting of zinc and bromide. It is manufactured through the reaction between zinc oxide (alternatively, zinc metal) with hydrobromic acid, alternatively by the reaction between zinc metal and bromine. It is a kind of Lewis acid in organic chemistry. It can be used as the electrolyte in the zinc bromide battery. In oil and natural gas industry, its related solution can be used to displace drilling mud. Moreover, its solution can be used as a transparent shield against radiation. Finally, it can be used as a catalyst for the Stereospecific and regioselective reaction between silacyclopropanes with carbonyl compounds. View more+

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1. Names and Identifiers

1.1 Name: Zinc bromide
1.2 Synonyms: EINECS 231-718-4 MFCD00011294 Zinc bromide (ZnBr2) Zinc bromide anhydrous ZINC BROMIDE SOL. D20 2,5 OPTICAL GRADE FOR SHIELDED WINDOWS OF HOT CELLS Zinc dibromide ZINC(II) BROMIDE zincbromide(znbr2) zincdibromide ZnBr2

1.3 CAS No.: 7699-45-8

1.4 CID: 10421208

1.5 EINECS(EC#): 231-718-4

1.6 Molecular Formula: Br2Zn (isomer)

1.7 Inchi: InChI=1S/2BrH.Zn/h2*1H;/q;;+2/p-2

1.8 InChkey: VNDYJBBGRKZCSX-UHFFFAOYSA-L

1.9 Canonical Smiles: [Zn+2].[Br-].[Br-]

1.10 Isomers Smiles: [Zn+2].[Br-].[Br-]

2. Properties

2.1 Density: 4.22

2.1 Melting point: 394℃

2.1 Boiling point: 697℃

2.1 Refractive index: 1.5452

2.1 Flash Point: °C

2.1 Precise Quality: 221.76600

2.1 PSA: 0

2.1 logP: 1.68870

2.1 Solubility: Soluble in alcohol, ether, acetone and tetrahydrofuran.

2.2 Appearance: Zinc bromide appears as a white crystalline noncombustible solid. The primary hazard is the threat to the environment. Immediate steps should be taken to limit its spread to the environment. It is used in medicine, in photography.

2.3 Storage: Hygroscopic. Ambient temperatures.

2.4 Chemical Properties: Zinc bromide is an odorless white crystalline solid or white hygroscopic powder.

2.5 Color/Form: WHITE HEXAGONAL CRYSTALS

2.6 Heat of Vaporization: 118 kJ/mol

2.7 Odor: Odorless

2.8 PH: AQ SOLUTION IS ACID TO LITMUS; PH ABOUT 4

2.9 Water Solubility: 471 g/100g water @ 25 deg C

2.10 Spectral Properties: INDEX OF REFRACTION: 1.5452 @ 18 DEG C/D

2.11 Stability: Stable. Forms explosive mixtures with sodium and potassium. Protect from moisture.

2.12 StorageTemp: APPROX >0°C

3. Use and Manufacturing

3.1 General Description: A white crystalline noncombustible solid. The primary hazard is the threat to the environment. Immediate steps should be taken to limit its spread to the environment. Zinc bromide is used in medicine, in photography.

3.2 Methods of Manufacturing: INTERACTION OF SOLUTIONS OF BARIUM BROMIDE & ZINC SULFATE, WITH SUBSEQUENT CRYSTALLIZATION.|MANUFACTURED EITHER BY DIRECT REDUCTION OF BR WITH ZINC OR BY REACTION OF ZINC CARBONATE OR OXIDE WITH HYDROBROMIC ACID.

3.3 Potential Exposure: Zinc bromide is used in photography,rayon manufacturing and medicine

3.4 Purification Methods: Heat ZnBr2 to 300o under vacuum (2x10-2 mm) for 1hour, then sublime it. [Wagenknecht & Juza Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry (Ed. Brauer) Academic Press Vol II p 1072 1965.]

3.5 Shipping: UN3260 Corrosive solid, acidic, inorganic, n.o.s.,Hazard class: 8; Labels: 8-Corrosive material, TechnicalName Required. UN3077 Environmentally hazardous substances,solid, n.o.s., Hazard class: 9; Labels: 9-Miscellaneoushazardous material, Technical Name Required.

3.6 Usage: Zinc bromide is a white crystalline powder prepared by dissolving zinc carbonate in hydrobromic acid.Zinc chloride (ZnCl2) is a white granular crystal made by the action of hydrochloric acid on zinc.Zinc iodide (ZnI2) is a white powder made by dissolving zinc in ionic acid. All of the zinc halides are soluble in water, alcohol, and ether. They were all used as halides for the collodion emulsion processes.

4. Safety and Handling

4.1 Symbol: GHS05, GHS07, GHS09

4.1 Hazard Codes: C

4.1 Signal Word: Danger

4.1 Risk Statements: R34;R50

4.1 Safety Statements: S26;S29;S36/37/39;S45;S61

4.1 Packing Group: II

4.1 Other Preventative Measures: If material not on fire and not involved in fire: Build dikes to contain flow as necessary. Keep material out of water sources and sewers.
SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.

4.2 Hazard Class: 8

4.2 Hazard Declaration: H302-H314-H317-H411

4.2 Cleanup Methods: Environmental considerations: Land spill: Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, or holding area to contain liquid or solid material. /SRP: If time permits, pits, ponds, lagoons, soak holes, or holding areas should be contained with a flexible impermeable membrane liner./ Cover solids with a plastic sheet to prevent dissolving in rain or fire fighting water.
Environmental considerations: Water spill: Neutralize with agricultural lime (CaO), crushed limestone, or sodium bicarbonate. Add soda ash. Adjust pH to neutral (pH 7). Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates.

4.3 DisposalMethods: SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

4.4 RIDADR: UN 3260

4.4 Fire Fighting Procedures: If material on fire or involved in fire: Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire.

4.5 FirePotential: Non-combustible

4.6 Caution Statement: P273-P280-P305 + P351 + P338-P310

4.6 Formulations/Preparations: USUALLY CONTAINS AT LEAST 97% ZINC BROMIDE, REMAINDER BEING CHIEFLY WATER.
COMMONLY MARKETED AS AN 80% SOLUTION IN WATER
Zinc bromide optical grade soln: a 77% aq soln
Grades or purity: Technical, 98+%
High-purity, ultradry grades
40 mesh, 99.5% purity grade
Soln grade- a zinc bromide/calcium bromide blend
Technical & reagent grades

4.7 WGK Germany: 3

4.7 RTECS: ZH1150000

4.7 Protective Equipment and Clothing: Dust irritating to eyes, nose and throat. Solid irritating to skin and eyes.

4.8 Reactivities and Incompatibilities: MIXT OF SODIUM & ... /ZINC BROMIDE/ PRODUCES STRONG EXPLOSION ON IMPACT ...
MIXT OF POTASSIUM & ... /ZINC BROMIDE/ PRODUCES STRONG EXPLOSION ON IMPACT ...

4.9 Skin, Eye, and Respiratory Irritations: Dust irritating to eyes, nose and throat. Solid irritating to skin and eyes.

4.10 Safety: Hazard Codes of?Zinc bromide (CAS NO.7699-45-8):?C,N
Risk Statements: 34-50/53?
R34:Causes burns.?
R50/53:Very toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment.
Safety Statements: 26-36/37/39-45-60-61-29?
S26: In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice.?
S36/37/39: Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection.?
S45: In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.)?
S60: This material and its container must be disposed of as hazardous waste.?
S61: Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions / safety data sheets.?
S29: Do not empty into drains.
RIDADR: UN 3260 8/PG 3
WGK Germany: 3
RTECS: ZH1150000
F: 3-21
HazardClass: 8
PackingGroup: II

4.11 Sensitive: Hygroscopic

4.12 Toxicity: Inorganic Compound; Zinc Compound; Bromide Compound; Industrial/Workplace Toxin; Synthetic Compound

5. MSDS

2.Hazard identification

2.1 Classification of the substance or mixture

Acute toxicity - Oral, Category 4

Skin corrosion, Category 1B

Skin sensitization, Category 1

Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term (Chronic) - Category Chronic 2

2.2 GHS label elements, including precautionary statements

Pictogram(s)
Signal word	Danger
Hazard statement(s)	H302 Harmful if swallowed H314 Causes severe skin burns and eye damage H317 May cause an allergic skin reaction H411 Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects
Precautionary statement(s)
Prevention	P264 Wash ... thoroughly after handling. P270 Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product. P260 Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. P261 Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. P272 Contaminated work clothing should not be allowed out of the workplace. P273 Avoid release to the environment.
Response	P301+P312 IF SWALLOWED: Call a POISON CENTER/doctor/\u2026if you feel unwell. P330 Rinse mouth. P301+P330+P331 IF SWALLOWED: Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. P303+P361+P353 IF ON SKIN (or hair): Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water [or shower]. P363 Wash contaminated clothing before reuse. P304+P340 IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing. P310 Immediately call a POISON CENTER/doctor/\u2026 P321 Specific treatment (see ... on this label). P305+P351+P338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. P302+P352 IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of water/... P333+P313 If skin irritation or rash occurs: Get medical advice/attention. P362+P364 Take off contaminated clothing and wash it before reuse. P391 Collect spillage.
Storage	P405 Store locked up.
Disposal	P501 Dispose of contents/container to ...

2.3 Other hazards which do not result in classification

none

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6. Other Information

6.0 Storage Conditions: INTERACTION OF SOLUTIONS OF BARIUM BROMIDE & ZINC SULFATE, WITH SUBSEQUENT CRYSTALLIZATION.|MANUFACTURED EITHER BY DIRECT REDUCTION OF BR WITH ZINC OR BY REACTION OF ZINC CARBONATE OR OXIDE WITH HYDROBROMIC ACID.

6.1 Experimental Properties: PARTIAL DECOMP AT 697 °C; VERY HYGROSCOPIC|Enthalpy of Fusion= 16.7 kJ/mol

6.2 Reactive Group: Salts, Acidic

6.3 Reactivity Profile: Acidic inorganic salts, such as ZINC BROMIDE, are generally soluble in water. The resulting solutions contain moderate concentrations of hydrogen ions and have pH's of less than 7.0. They react as acids to neutralize bases. These neutralizations generate heat, but less or far less than is generated by neutralization of inorganic acids, inorganic oxoacids, and carboxylic acid. They usually do not react as either oxidizing agents or reducing agents but such behavior is not impossible. Many of these compounds catalyze organic reactions.

6.4 Disposal Methods: SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

6.5 Special Reports: Zinc and Health. Current Bibliographies in Medicine 98-3. Public Services Division/National Library of Medicine. 3619 citations January, 1990-June, 1998. Available from: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/archive/20040831/pubs/cbm/zinc.html as of November 2, 1998.|USEPA; Ambient Water Quality Criteria Doc: Zinc (1980) EPA 400/5-80-079|USEPA; Ambient Water Quality Criteria Doc: Zinc (1987) EPA 400/5-87-003|Arvidson, B. A Review of Axonal Transport of Metals. Toxicology 88: 1-14 (19994) Recent findings regarding axonal transport of metals, including zinc.|For more Special Reports (Complete) data for ZINC BROMIDE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

6.6 Fire Hazards: Excerpt from ERG Guide 171 [Substances (Low to Moderate Hazard)]: Some may burn but none ignite readily. Containers may explode when heated. Some may be transported hot. For UN3508, be aware of possible short circuiting as this product is transported in a charged state. (ERG, 2016)

6.7 Nonfire Spill Response: Excerpt from ERG Guide 171 [Substances (Low to Moderate Hazard)]: Do not touch or walk through spilled material. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent dust cloud. Avoid inhalation of asbestos dust. SMALL DRY SPILL: With clean shovel, place material into clean, dry container and cover loosely; move containers from spill area. SMALL SPILL: Pick up with sand or other non-combustible absorbent material and place into containers for later disposal. LARGE SPILL: Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal. Cover powder spill with plastic sheet or tarp to minimize spreading. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. (ERG, 2016)

6.8 Personal Protective Equipment: Chemical goggles or face shield; rubber gloves; dust mask (USCG, 1999)|Chemical goggles or face shield; rubber gloves; /NIOSH certified respirator/

6.9 Fire Potential: Non-combustible

6.10 Fire Fighting Procedures: If material on fire or involved in fire: Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire.

6.11 Cleanup Methods: Environmental considerations: Land spill: Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, or holding area to contain liquid or solid material. /SRP: If time permits, pits, ponds, lagoons, soak holes, or holding areas should be contained with a flexible impermeable membrane liner./ Cover solids with a plastic sheet to prevent dissolving in rain or fire fighting water.|Environmental considerations: Water spill: Neutralize with agricultural lime (CaO), crushed limestone, or sodium bicarbonate. Add soda ash. Adjust pH to neutral (pH 7). Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates.

6.12 Preventive Measures: If material not on fire and not involved in fire: Build dikes to contain flow as necessary. Keep material out of water sources and sewers.|SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.

6.13 Drug Warnings: Food and Environmental Agents: Effect on Breast-Feeding: Bromide (photographic laboratory): Potential absorption and bromide transfer into milk. /from Table 7/|Maternal Medication Usually Compatible with Breast-Feeding: Bromide: Rash, weakness, absence of cry with maternal intake of 5.4 g/d. /from Table 6/

6.14 Absorption: FOLLOWING ORAL ADMIN, BROMIDE SALTS ARE RAPIDLY ABSORBED FROM LOWER PART OF SMALL INTESTINE. WHEN USED AS SEDATIVE IN ADULTS, THERAPEUTICALLY EFFECTIVE BLOOD LEVEL OF BROMIDES IS 0.5-0.6...(MEQ)/LITER. ... BROMIDE IS WIDELY DISTRIBUTED THROUGHOUT EXTRACELLULAR FLUIDS INCLUDING SECRETIONS & TRANSUDATES. /BROMIDES/|...BROMIDES CROSS THE PLACENTA. RENAL EXCRETION OF BROMIDE IS VERY SLOW. BIOLOGIC HALF-LIFE OF BROMIDE IS ABOUT 12 DAYS IN PT WITH NORMAL CHLORIDE INTAKE. MAX ACCUM DOES NOT OCCUR FOR APPROX 2 MO. LOW CHLORIDE INTAKE FACILITATES ACCUM OF BROMIDE BY REDUCING ITS URINARY EXCRETION. /BROMIDES/|ALTHOUGH RENAL EXCRETION OF BROMIDE IS SIMILAR TO THAT OF CHLORIDE, TUBULAR REABSORPTION OF BROMIDE IS MORE EFFICIENT THAN THAT OF CHLORIDE & THUS KIDNEYS EXCRETE CHLORIDE PREFERENTIALLY TO BROMIDE. ... SMALL AMT OF BROMIDE ARE EXCRETED IN SWEAT & FECES. /BROMIDES/|For more Absorption, Distribution and Excretion (Complete) data for ZINC BROMIDE (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

6.15 First Aid: INHALATION: move to fresh air. INGESTION: give large amount of water; induce vomiting, followed by prompt and complete gastric lavage, catharsis, and demulcents. EYES or SKIN: wash immediately with large volumes of water. (USCG, 1999)

6.16 Antidote: Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway. Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with normal saline during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. Administer activated charcoal ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Bromine, methyl bromide, and related compounds/|Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag-valve-mask device may be beneficial. Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias if necessary ... . Start an IV with D5W TKO /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. Watch for signs of fluid overload. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Consider vasopressors to treat hypotension without signs of hypovolemia ... . Treat seizures with diazepam (Valium) ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Bromine, methyl bromide, and related compounds/

6.17 Human Toxicity Excerpts: LOW TOXICITY.|The systemic effects of bromide ion are chiefly mental: drowsiness, irriability, ataxia, vertigo, confusion, mania, hallucinations, & coma. Other effects include skin rashes, neurological signs, sensory disturbances, and incr spinal fluid pressures. /Bromide salts/|A blood level of 125 mg/100 ml is regarded as the minimal intoxicating level. /Bromide salts/|Acute oral poisoning is rare because single doses are usually promptly rejected by vomiting, but 1 oz has been swallowed and adsorbed sufficiently to cause death. /Bromide salts/|For more Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for ZINC BROMIDE (9 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

6.18 Formulations: USUALLY CONTAINS AT LEAST 97% ZINC BROMIDE, REMAINDER BEING CHIEFLY WATER.|COMMONLY MARKETED AS AN 80% SOLUTION IN WATER|Zinc bromide optical grade soln: a 77% aq soln|Grades or purity: Technical, 98+%|For more Formulations/Preparations (Complete) data for ZINC BROMIDE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

6.19 Usage: Zinc bromide is an optimal catalyst for stereo specific and regioselective reaction of silacyclopropanes with carbonyl compounds. It is used as a transparent shield against radiation, as a fluid to displace drilling muds in transition phases, as a lewis acid in organic chemistry, colloidon emulsions for photography, a nutritional or functional ingredient in food and oral care products..

6.20 Usage: In organic chemistry as a Lewis acid. It is the electrolyte in the zinc bromide battery. Zinc bromide solutions can be used as a transparent shield against radiation. In oil and natural gas wells, solutions containing zinc bromide are used to displace drilling mud.

6.21 Usage: Zinc bromide solution can be used as a transparent shield against radiation. It is used as an optimal catalyst for stereospecific and regioselective reaction of silacyclopropanes with carbonyl compounds. It finds an application as Lewis acid in organic reactions.

6.22 Usage: Mainly used in ocean wells as complete liquid, stationary liquid, amending liquid. It is also an important material in medical industry.

7. Computational chemical data

Molecular Weight: 225.217g/mol
Molecular Formula: Br₂Zn
Compound Is Canonicalized: True
XLogP3-AA: null
Exact Mass: 223.76377
Monoisotopic Mass: 221.76582
Complexity: 0
Rotatable Bond Count: 0
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 2
Topological Polar Surface Area: 0
Heavy Atom Count: 3
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 3
CACTVS Substructure Key Fingerprint: AAADcQAAAAAAGAACAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA==

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Zinc bromide EINECS 231-718-4