Zinc chloride

Iupac Name：dichlorozinc

Molecular Weight：136.315

Modify Date.: 2022-11-09 06:34

Introduction: Zinc chloride is a white deliquescent salt. It forms acidic solutions in water and in polarorganic solvents such as ethanol, acetone, and ether. Anhydrous zinc chloride hydrolyzeswith moisture to form hydrochloric acid. It also forms complex ions with water, ammonia,and some organic solvents. Zinc chloride reacts with sulphide to minimise release of H2Sgas in waste treatment facilities. Zinc chloride 50% solution also serves as a high-qualitymercerising agent for cotton. Zinc chloride is incompatible with strong oxidising agents,moisture, cyanides, sulphides, and potassium. View more+

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1. Names and Identifiers

1.1 Name: Zinc chloride
1.2 Synonyms: anhydrous trimethylamine N-oxide anhydrous trimethylamine oxide anhydrous zinc chloride Methanamine,N,N-dimethyl-,N-oxide MFCD00004679 N,N-Dimethylmethanamine N-oxide TMAO Trimethylamine oxide trimethylamine-N-oxide Trimethyloxamine Triox

1.3 CAS No.: 7646-85-7

1.4 CID: 5727

1.5 EINECS(EC#): 231-592-0

1.6 Molecular Formula: Cl2Zn (isomer)

1.7 Inchi: InChI=1S/2ClH.Zn/h2*1H;/q;;+2/p-2

1.8 InChkey: JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L

1.9 Canonical Smiles: Cl[Zn]Cl

1.10 Isomers Smiles: Cl[Zn]Cl

2. Properties

2.1 Density: 2.91

2.1 Melting point: 167-172 °C

2.1 Boiling point: 219-220 °C at 10 mmHg

2.1 Refractive index: INDEX OF REFRACTION: 1.681; 1.713

2.1 Flash Point: 732℃

2.1 Precise Quality: 133.86700

2.1 PSA: 0.00000

2.1 logP: 1.37650

2.1 Solubility: 432 g/100 mL (25 oC)

2.2 Appearance: clear to cloudy colorless or faintly yellow

2.3 Storage: Ambient temperatures.

2.4 Autoignition Temperature: Not flammable (USCG, 1999)

2.5 Chemical Properties: White granular crystal or powder of hexagonal system, highly soluble in water, soluble in methanol, ethanol, glycerine, acetone, diethyl ether but Insoluble in liquid ammonia.

2.6 Color/Form: white

2.7 Corrosivity: Fume corrosive to metals /zinc chloride fumes/

2.8 Decomposition: When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of /hydrogen chloride and zinc oxide/.

2.9 Odor: Odorless

2.10 PH: Aqueous solutions of zinc chloride are acidic (pH = 1.0 for 6 M)

2.11 pKa: pKa 6.06 (Uncertain)

2.12 Water Solubility: Water solubility: 432 g/100 mL (20 °C)

2.13 Spectral Properties: INDEX OF REFRACTION: 1.681; 1.713

2.14 Stability: hygroscopic

2.15 StorageTemp: 2-8°C

3. Use and Manufacturing

3.1 Definition: ChEBI: A compound of zinc and chloride ions in the ratio 1:2. It exists in four crystalline forms, in each of which the Zn2+ ions are trigonal planar coordinated to four chloride ions.

3.2 General Description: Zinc chloride is a colorless liquid. Zinc chloride is mildly corrosive to metals. Zinc chloride causes burns to eyes, skin and mucous membranes.

3.3 Purification Methods: The anhydrous material can be sublimed under a stream of dry HCl, followed by heating to 400o in a stream of dry N2. It sublimes at high vacuum. Also purify it by refluxing (50g) in dioxane (400mL) with 5g zinc dust, filtering hot and cooling to precipitate ZnCl2. Crystallise it from dioxane and store it in a desiccator over P2O5. It has also been dried by refluxing in thionyl chloride. [Weberg et al. J Am Chem Soc 108 6242 1986.] Hygroscopic: minimal exposure to the atmosphere is necessary. [Wagenknecht & Juza Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry (Ed. Brauer) Academic Press Vol II p 1070 1965.]

3.4 Shipping: UN2331 Zinc chloride, anhydrous, Hazard class: 8;Labels: 8-Corrosive material. UN1840 Zinc chloride, solution,Hazard class: 8; Labels: 8-Corrosive material.

3.5 Usage: Zinc chloride is used as an organic catalyst. It is deliquescent, whichmakes it an excellent dehydrating and drying agent. It is used in electroplating other metals,as an antiseptic, as a component of some deodorants, and as an astringent. It is also used forfireproofing materials and as a food preservative. Zinc chloride is also used in embalming andtaxidermy fluids.

3.6 Waste Disposal: Dump in water; add soda ashand stir, then neutralize and flush to sewer with water.Alternatively, zinc chloride may be recovered from spentcatalysts and used in acrylic fiber spinning solutions.

4. Safety and Handling

4.1 Symbol: GHS05, GHS07, GHS09

4.1 Hazard Codes: C

4.1 Signal Word: Danger

4.1 Risk Statements: 36/37/38-50/53-34-22-51/53-67-66-19-12-11

4.1 Safety Statements: 26-36-61-60-45-36/37/39

4.1 Exposure Standards and Regulations: Drug products containing certain active ingredients offered over-the-counter (OTC) for certain uses. A number of active ingredients have been present in OTC drug products for various uses, as described below. However, based on evidence currently available, there are inadequate data to establish general recognition of the safety and effectiveness of these ingredients for the specified uses: zinc chloride is included in astringent drug products.

4.2 Packing Group: I

4.2 Fire Hazard: Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes. Some are oxidizers and may ignite combustibles (wood, paper, oil, clothing, etc.). Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Containers may explode when heated.

4.3 Other Preventative Measures: If material not on fire and not involved in fire: Keep material out of water sources and sewers. Build dikes to contain flow as necessary. Keep upwind. Avoid breathing vapors or dusts Wash away any material which may have contacted the body with copious amounts of water or soap and water. /Zinc chloride, solid/
SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.
If material not on fire and not involved in fire: Keep material out of water sources and sewers. Build dikes to contain flow as necessary. Neutralize spilled material with crushed limestone, soda ash, or lime. Avoid breathing vapors Avoid bodily contact with the material. Do not handle broken packages without protective equipment. Wash away any material which may have contacted the body with copious amounts of water or soap and water. If contact with the material anticipated, wear full protective clothing. /Zinc chloride solution and chemical plant waste/
Prevention of ingestion: do not eat, drink, or smoke during work. Wash hands before eating.
Prevention of metal fume fever is a matter of keeping exposure of workers below level of concn currently accepted as satisfactory for working with the metal in industry, preferably by employment of proper local exhaust ventilation to collect fumes at their source. Acceptable respirators are avail commercially but should be used only under suitable conditions. /Zinc/
In all cases where zinc is heated to the point where fume is produced, it is most important to ensure that adequate ventilation is provided. Individual protection is best ensured by education of the worker concerning metal-fume fever & the provision of local exhaust ventilation, or, in some situations by wearing of supplied-air hood or mask.

4.4 Hazard Class: 3

4.4 Hazard Declaration: H302-H314-H410

4.4 Cleanup Methods: Environmental considerations: Land spill: Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, or holding area to contain liquid or solid material. /SRP: If time permits, pits, ponds, lagoons, soak holes, or holding areas should be contained with a flexible impermeable membrane liner./ Cover solid with plastic sheet to prevent dissolving in rain or fire fighting water /Zinc chloride, solid/
Environmental considerations: Water spill: Neutralize with agricultural lime (slaked lime), crushed limestone, or sodium bicarbonate. Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates. Adjust pH to neutral (pH 7). /Zinc chloride solid/
Personal protection: P3 filter respirator for toxic particles. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Sweep spilled substance into containers. Carefully collect remainder, then remove to safe place.

4.5 DisposalMethods: SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.
Chemical Treatability of Zinc; Concentration Process: Ultrafiltration; Chemical Classification: Metals; Scale of Study: Continuous flow, pilot scale; Type of Wastewater Used: Industrial wastewater; Results of Study: 0.38 ppm effluent concentration. /Zinc/
Chemical Treatability of Zinc; Concentration Process: Miscellaneous sorbents; Chemical Classification: Metals; Scale of Study: Literature review; Type of Wastewater Used: Unknown; Results of Study: Final concentration reduced to 0.1 ppb; SiO2 + CaO slags used. /Zinc/
The proprietary Sulfex process (Permutit Co) has been applied to zinc wastes. The process involves addition of ferrous sulfide, which gradually releases sulfide to precipitate the zinc ... . /Zinc/
In the case where zinc removal is the only consideration and recovery is not warranted, removal by precipitation can be accomplished by standard pH adjustment through lime addition, precipitation and flocculation, and sedimentation, employing standard waste treatment equipment, operating data for existing chemical precipitation units indicate that levels of 1 mg/l or less of zinc are readily obtainable with lime precipitation, although assurance of consistent removal of precipitated zinc to lower levels from the effluent stream may require filtration. /Zinc/
Chemical Treatability of Zinc; Concentration Process: Chemical precipitation; Chemical Classification: Metals; Scale of Study: Literature review; Type of Wastewater Used: Unknown; Results of Study: 10.6% reduction by sedimentation. /Zinc/
Chemical Treatability of Zinc; Concentration Process: Biological Treatment; Chemical Classification: Metals; 1) Scale of Study: Literature review; Type of Wastewater Used: Unknown; Results of Study: 89% reduction; Activated sludge process. 2) Scale of Study: full scale; Type of Wastewater Used: domestic wastewater; Results of Study: 20-91% reduction achieved; Survey of municipal wastewater treatment plants. 3) Scale of Study: Continuous flow and pilot scale; Type of Wastewater Used: domestic wastewater; Results of Study: 13-14% reduction in primary treatment. 4) Scale of Study: Laboratory scale; Type of Wastewater Used: Synthetic wastewater; Results of Study: Biological growth inhibited; Study of nitrosomas bacteria. 5) Scale of Study: Continuous flow and full scale; Type of Wastewater Used: Domestic wastewater; Results of Study: 60% reduction; Activated sludge process. 6) Scale of Study: Laboratory scale; Type of Wastewater Used: Synthetic wastewater; Results of Study: Oxygen uptake inhibited. 7) Scale of Study: Literature review; Type of Wastewater Used: Unknown; Results of Study: 57% reduction; Activated sludge process. /Zinc/
Chemical Treatability of Zinc; Concentration Process: Chemical precipitation; Chemical Classification: Metals; 1) Scale of Study: Pilot scale; Type of Wastewater Used: Synthetic wastewater; Results of Study: 1% reduction with alum; 3 coagulants used: 220 ppm of alum at pH= 6.4. 40 ppm of ferric chloride at pH= 6.2; 415 ppm of lime at pH= 11.5; chemical coagulation was followed by dual media filtration. 2) Scale of Study: Laboratory scale, continuous flow; Type of Wastewater Used: Synthetic wastewater; Results of Study: 100% reduction with lime; Lime dose of 50 ppm added. 3) Scale of Study: Pilot scale; Type of Wastewater Used: Domestic wastewater and pure compound (one solute in a solvent) Results of Study: Iron system - 63% reduction, low lime system - 85% reduction; High lime system - 76% reduction; 3 coagulant systems were used: Iron system used 45 ppm as Fe of Fe2(SO4)3 at pH= 6.0. Low lime system used 20 ppm as Fe of Fe2 (SO4)3 and 260 ppm of CaO at pH= 10.0. High lime system used 600 ppm of CaO at pH= 11.5. Chemical coagulation was followed by multimedia filtration. 4) Scale of Study: Full scale, continuous flow; Type of Wastewater Used: Domestic wastewater; Results of Study: 90% reduction with lime (full scale); 37% reduction with lime (continuous flow); Lime dose of 350-400 ppm as calcium oxide at pH= 11.3. 5) Scale of Study: Literature review; Type of Wastewater Used: Unknown; Results of Study: 10.6% reduction by sedimentation. 6) Scale of Study: Literature review; Type of Wastewater Used: Unknown; Results of Study: 91.4% reduction with lime; Lime dose of 400 ppm added. /Zinc/
Chemical Treatability of Zinc; Concentration Process: Reverse osmosis; Chemical Classification: Metals; Scale of Study: Batch flow; Type of Wastewater Used: Pure compound (one solute in a solvent); Results of Study: 1) 96.6% reduction with C/PEI membrane at pH= 8.0 100% reduction with C/PEI membrane at pH= 11.0; CA membrane operated at 400 psig and 16-22 deg C. 2) Results of Study: 96.9%-99.5% reduction with CA membrane; CA membrane operated at 400 psig and 16-22% deg C. /Zinc/
Chemical Treatability of Zinc; Concentration Process: Activated carbon; Chemical Classification: Metals; Scale of Study: Full scale continuous flow; Type of Wastewater Used: (not stated); 1) Results of Study: 81% reduction; 124 ppb effluent concentration; Carbon used as advanced treatment of biologically and chemically treated wastewater. Plant capacity 0.66 cu m/sec. Data presented for two time periods. 2) Results of Study: 61% reduction; 162 ppb effluent concentration; Carbon used as advanced treatment of biologically and chemically treated wastewater. Plant capacity 0.66 cu m/sec. Data presented for two time periods. /Zinc/
Disposal procedures for spills include ferric hydroxide precipitation and cement-based fixation processes; the latter method is very effective in rendering zinc contaminants insoluble (Dawson and Mercer 1986). Unsalvageable zinc waste may be buried in an approved landfill while salvageable zinc is typically recycled.

4.6 DOT Emergency Guidelines: /GUIDE 154: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC AND/OR CORROSIVE (NON-COMBUSTIBLE)/ Health: TOXIC; inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact with material may cause severe injury or death. Contact with molten substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Avoid any skin contact. Effects of contact or inhalation may be delayed. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution. /Zinc chloride, anhydrous; Zinc chloride, solution/
/GUIDE 154: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC AND/OR CORROSIVE (NON-COMBUSTIBLE)/ Fire or Explosion: Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes. Some are oxidizers and may ignite combustibles (wood, paper, oil, clothing, etc.). Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Containers may explode when heated. /Zinc chloride, anhydrous; Zinc chloride, solution/
/GUIDE 154: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC AND/OR CORROSIVE (NON-COMBUSTIBLE)/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number. As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Keep out of low areas. Ventilate enclosed areas. /Zinc chloride, anhydrous; Zinc chloride, solution/
/GUIDE 154: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC AND/OR CORROSIVE (NON-COMBUSTIBLE)/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection. Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible. /Zinc chloride, anhydrous; Zinc chloride, solution/
/GUIDE 154: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC AND/OR CORROSIVE (NON-COMBUSTIBLE)/ Evacuation: Fire: If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. /Zinc chloride, anhydrous; Zinc chloride, solution/
/GUIDE 154: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC AND/OR CORROSIVE (NON-COMBUSTIBLE)/ Fire: Small fires: Dry chemical, CO2 or water spray. Large fires: Dry chemical, CO2, alcohol-resistant foam or water spray. Move containers from fire area if you can do it without risk. Dike fire control water for later disposal; do not scatter the material. Fire involving tanks or car/trailer loads: Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles. Do not get water inside containers. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank. ALWAYS stay away from tanks engulfed in fire. /Zinc chloride, anhydrous; Zinc chloride, solution/
/GUIDE 154: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC AND/OR CORROSIVE (NON-COMBUSTIBLE)/ Spill or Leak: ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames in immediate area). Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers. DO NOT GET WATER INSIDE CONTAINERS. /Zinc chloride, anhydrous; Zinc chloride, solution/
/GUIDE 154: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC AND/OR CORROSIVE (NON-COMBUSTIBLE)/ First Aid: Move victim to fresh air. Call 911 or emergency medical service. Give artificial respiration if victim is not breathing. Do not use mouth-to-mouth method if victim ingested or inhaled the substance; give artificial respiration with the aid of a pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other proper respiratory medical device. Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult. Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes. In case of contact with substance, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes. For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin. Keep victim warm and quiet. Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion or skin contact) to substance may be delayed. Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved and take precautions to protect themselves. /Zinc chloride, anhydrous; Zinc chloride, solution/

4.7 RIDADR: UN 2331

4.7 Fire Fighting Procedures: If material on fire or involved in fire: Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire. Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty. /Zinc chloride, solid/

4.8 FirePotential: Not flammable
Mixtures of the powdered chloride and powdered zinc are flammable.

4.9 Safety Profile: Poison by ingestion,intravenous, and intraperitoneal routes.Human systemic effects by inhalation: pulm-onary changes. An experimental teratogen.Experimental reproductive effects.Questionable carcinogen with experimental tumorigenic data. Human mutation datareported. A corrosive irritant to skin, eyes,and mucous membranes, Exposure to ZnCl2fumes or dusts can cause dermatitis, boils,conjunctivitis, gastrointestinal tract upsets.The fumes are highly toxic. Incompatiblewith potassium. Mixtures of the powderedchloride and powdered zinc are flammable.When heated to decomposition it emitstoxic fumes of Cland ZnO. See also ZINCCOMPOUNDS and CHLORIDES.

4.10 Caution Statement: P260-P280-P301 + P312 + P330-P303 + P361 + P353-P304 + P340 + P310-P305 + P351 + P338

4.10 Formulations/Preparations: Grades: CP, Technical. fused; crystal; granulated; 62.5% solution; 50% solution; USP.
8 mesh, 99.5% purity grade, 250- 1000-, and 2500 g lots /available/
99.999% pure, ultradry /available/
Trade Names: Tinning Flux (U.S. Dept. Transportation); A13-04470; Zinctrace (U.S.)
Technical grade is at least 95% pure, the remainder being mostly water and oxychloride.
Soluble concentrate - 6.2% zinc chloride; Ready to use liquid - 26% zinc chloride /Pesticides/

4.11 Incompatibilities: Aqueous solutions are strongly acidic.Incompatible with bases and potassium. Incompatible withstrong oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides, permanganates,perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, etc.); contactmay cause fires or explosions. Keep away fromalkaline materials, strong bases, strong acids, oxoacids,epoxides. Corrosive to metals.

4.12 WGK Germany: 2

4.12 RTECS: ZH1400000

4.12 Protective Equipment and Clothing: Employees exposed to zinc chloride should be given instruction in personal hygiene, and in the use of personal protective equipment. Goggles should be provided in areas where danger of spills or splashes exists, skin protection should be provided with rubber gloves, face shields, rubber aprons, gauntlets, suits and rubber boots.
Wear appropriate chemical protective gloves, boots and goggles. Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus when fighting fires involving this material. /Zinc chloride solid/
Respirator Recommendations: Up to 10 mg/cu m. (Assigned Protection Factor = 10) Any particulate respirator equipped with an N95, R95, or P95 filter (including N95, R95, and P95 filtering facepieces) except quarter-mask respirators. The following filters may be used: N99, R99, P99, N100, P100. Substance reported to cause eye irritation or damage; may require eye protection./(Assigned Protection Factor = 10) Any supplied-air respirator. Substance reported to cause eye irritation or damage; may require eye protection. /Zinc chloride fume/
Respirator Recommendations: Up to 25 mg/cu m. (Assigned Protection Factor = 25) Any supplied-air respirator operated in a continuous-flow mode. Substance reported to cause eye irritation or damage; may require eye protection./(Assigned Protection Factor = 25) Any powered air-purifying respirator with a high-efficiency particulate filter. Substance reported to cause eye irritation or damage; may require eye protection. /Zinc chloride fume/
Respirator Recommendations: Up to 50 mg/cu m. (Assigned Protection Factor = 50) Any air-purifying, full-facepiece respirator with an N100, R100, or P100 filter./(Assigned Protection Factor = 50) Any powered, air-purifying respirator with a tight-fitting facepiece and a high-efficiency particulate filter. Substance reported to cause eye irritation or damage; may require eye protection./(Assigned Protection Factor = 50) Any self-contained breathing apparatus with a full facepiece./(Assigned Protection Factor = 50) Any supplied-air respirator with a full facepiece. /Zinc chloride fume/
Respirator Recommendations: Emergency or planned entry into unknown concentrations or IDLH conditions: (Assigned Protection Factor = 10,000) Any self-contained breathing apparatus that has a full facepiece and is operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode./(Assigned Protection Factor = 10,000) Any supplied-air respirator that has a full facepiece and is operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode in combination with an auxiliary self-contained positive-pressure breathing apparatus. /Zinc chloride fume/
Respirator Recommendations: Escape: (Assigned Protection Factor = 50) Any air-purifying, full-facepiece respirator with an N100, R100, or P100 filter./Any appropriate escape-type, self-contained breathing apparatus. /Zinc chloride fume/
Prevent eye exposure: safety goggles or eye protection in combination with breathing protection if powder.
Recommended appropriate protective equipment including protective eyewear, long-sleeved shirts and long-legged pants, rubber gloves, and boots. /zinc salts/

4.13 Reactivities and Incompatibilities: A mixture of potassium and zinc chloride produces a strong explosion on impact.
Potassium. /Zinc chloride fume/
Flammability of some commercial zinc dusts or powders is attributed to presence of zinc chloride. /Zinc: zinc chloride/

4.14 Report: Zinc and its compounds are on the Community Right-To-Know List. Reported in EPA TSCA Inventory. EPA Genetic Toxicology Program.

4.15 Skin, Eye, and Respiratory Irritations: Corrosivity and irritation to the lungs.
Can irritate the eyes.
Zinc chloride causes burns. Data on skin sensitization are not available for zinc chloride. However, based on the accepted derogation and the fact that zinc sulphate is not a skin sensitizer, it is consequently concluded that zinc chloride is not likely to be skin sensitizing.
Skin exposure causes skin burns, pain, and redness.
Zinc salts of strong mineral acids are astringent, corrosive to skin. /Zinc salts/

4.16 Safety: Poison by ingestion, intravenous, and intraperitoneal routes. Human systemic effects by inhalation: pulmonary changes. An experimental teratogen. Experimental reproductive effects. Questionable carcinogen with experimental tumorigenic data. Human mutation data reported. A corrosive irritant to skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. Exposure to ZnCl₂ fumes or dusts can cause dermatitis, boils, conjunctivitis, gastrointestinal tract upsets. The fumes are highly toxic. Incompatible with potassium. Mixtures of the powdered chloride and powdered zinc are flammable. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of Cl and ZnO. See also ZINC COMPOUNDS and CHLORIDES.
Hazard Codes:Xi,N,C,F+,F
Risk Statements: 36/37/38-50/53-34-22-51/53-67-66-19-12-11
R11:Highly flammable.
R12:Extremely flammable.
R34:Causes burns.
R36/37/38:Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin.
R19:May form explosive peroxides.
R22:Harmful if swallowed.
R50/53:Very toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment.
R51/53:Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment.
R66:Repeated exposure may cause skin dryness or cracking.
R67:Vapours may cause drowsiness and dizziness.
Safety Statements: 26-36-61-60-45-36/37/39
S26: In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice.
S36:Wear suitable protective clothing.
S36/37/39:Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection.
S45:In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.)
S60:This material and its container must be disposed of as hazardous waste.
S61:Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions / safety data sheets.

4.17 Sensitive: Hygroscopic

4.18 Specification: Zinc chloride , its cas register number is 7646-85-7. It also can be called Chlorure de zinc ; Butter of zinc ; and Zinc chloride in plastic container . It is hygroscopic and even deliquescent. The pure anhydrous orthorhombic form rapidly changes to one of the other forms on exposure to the atmosphere and a possible explanation is that the presence of OH facilitates the rearrangement. Molten anhydrous ZnCl₂ at 500 - 700 °C dissolves zinc metal and on rapid cooling of the melt a yellow diamagnetic glass is formed which Raman studies indicate contain the Zn²⁺
2 ion. It is hazardous, so the first aid measures and others should be known. Such as: When on the skin: first, should flush skin with plenty of water immediately for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing. Secondly, get medical aid. Or in the eyes: Flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids. Then get medical aid soon. While, it's inhaled: Remove from exposure and move to fresh air immediately. Give artificial respiration while not breathing. When breathing is difficult, give oxygen. And as soon as to get medical aid. Then you have the ingesting of the product: Wash mouth out with water, and get medical aid immediately. Notes to physician: Treat supportively and symptomatically.
In addition, Zinc chloride (CAS NO.7646-85-7) absorbs moisture or water from the air. It is not compatible with strong oxidizing agents, oxidizing agents, bases, aluminum, brass, copper, and you must not take it with incompatible materials. And also prevent it to broken down into hazardous decomposition products: Nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide.

4.19 Toxicity

1.	mma-sat 90mmol/L	SOGEBZ Soviet Genetics. Translation of GNKAA5. 13 (1977),1010.
2.	dni-hmn:lym 360 μmol/L	IAAAAM International Archives of Allergy and Applied Immunology. 77 (1985),461.
3.	par-ckn TDLo:15?mg/kg:ETA,REP	CANCAR Cancer. 6 (1953),464.
4.	ihl-man TCLo:4800?mg/m3/30M:PUL	SinJF# Personal Communication from J.F. Sina, Merck Institute for Therapeutic Research, West Point, PA 19486, to the Editor of RTECS, Cincinnati, OH, on October 26, 1982 10JAN74 .
5.	ihl-hmn TCLo:4800?mg/m3/3H	YAKUD5 Gekkan Yakuji. Pharmaceuticals Monthly. 22 (1980),291.
6.	orl-rat LD50:350?mg/kg	FOREAE Food Research. 7 (1942),313.
7.	ihl-rat LCLo:1960?mg/m3/10M	ARTODN Archives of Toxicology. 59 (1986),160.
8.	ipr-rat LD50:58?mg/kg	VHTODE Veterinary and Human Toxicology. 30 (1988),224.
9.	ivn-rat LDLo:30?mg/kg	FEPRA7 Federation Proceedings, Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology. 9 (1950),260.
10.	orl-mus LD50:350?mg/kg	FOREAE Food Rese

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5. MSDS

2.Hazard identification

2.1 Classification of the substance or mixture

Acute toxicity - Oral, Category 4

Skin corrosion, Category 1B

Hazardous to the aquatic environment, short-term (Acute) - Category Acute 1

Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term (Chronic) - Category Chronic 1

2.2 GHS label elements, including precautionary statements

Pictogram(s)
Signal word	Danger
Hazard statement(s)	H302 Harmful if swallowed H314 Causes severe skin burns and eye damage H410 Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects
Precautionary statement(s)
Prevention	P264 Wash ... thoroughly after handling. P270 Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product. P260 Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. P273 Avoid release to the environment.
Response	P301+P312 IF SWALLOWED: Call a POISON CENTER/doctor/\u2026if you feel unwell. P330 Rinse mouth. P301+P330+P331 IF SWALLOWED: Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. P303+P361+P353 IF ON SKIN (or hair): Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water [or shower]. P363 Wash contaminated clothing before reuse. P304+P340 IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing. P310 Immediately call a POISON CENTER/doctor/\u2026 P321 Specific treatment (see ... on this label). P305+P351+P338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. P391 Collect spillage.
Storage	P405 Store locked up.
Disposal	P501 Dispose of contents/container to ...

2.3 Other hazards which do not result in classification

none

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6. NMR Spectrum

Mass spectrum (electron ionization)

7. Synthesis Route

7646-85-7Total: 59 Synthesis Route

7733-02-0 681 Suppliers

7646-85-7 401 Suppliers

Literatures:
Tsvetn. Met., , vol. 10, # 4 p. 59 - 77
Yield: null

7440-66-6

7646-85-7 401 Suppliers

Literatures:
Scher. Ann., , vol. 2, p. 143 - 143 Zn: MVol., 56, page 158 - 160
Yield: null

51455-96-0

7646-85-7 401 Suppliers

Literatures:
Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry, , vol. 79, # 12 p. 1964 - 1968
Yield: null

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8. Precursor and Product

precursor:

874628-32-7

75-36-5

122339-28-0

114782-00-2

1227156-80-0

68369-90-4

75-00-3

743369-26-8

51455-96-0

76-03-9

14074-80-7

1227156-84-4

412294-99-6

74-87-3

557-34-6

19407-90-0

1227156-83-3

7733-02-0

158311-11-6

154676-74-1

79-43-6

748164-95-6

View all

product :

96-10-6

100043-01-4

557-20-0

4991-47-3

7029-31-4

557-42-6

1854-19-9

7029-30-3

1119-22-8

704910-45-2

547-68-2

14320-04-8

557-05-1

625-81-0

4278-43-7

557-41-5

544-97-8

5990-32-9

72022-68-5

553-72-0

24640-76-4

101032-99-9

137-30-4

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9. Other Information

9.0 Usage: Zinc chloride is a widely used as a moderate-strength Lewis acid. In biochemistry research this is used for a source of the zinc ion. It is also be used alone or with phenols for preserving railway ties, fireproofing timber, and with ammonium chloride as a flux for soldering and etching of metals. Zinc chloride is used in the synthesis of the ferrocenylarenes. It is used for the in situ generation of organozincate reagents by reacting with Grignard compounds and also to catalyze chloromethylation of resins for solid phase peptide synthesis.

9.1 Usage: It is used as a catalyst, as a dehydrating and condensing agent, soldering flux, and metal etchant. It is also employed in preserving anatomical specimens, wood preservatives, deodorant, disinfecting and embalming materials. It is likewise employed as a mordant in printing and dyeing materials, and in the vulcanizing processes of fiber and rubber. It is useful as an electrolyte in dry cell batteries, in metal industry, in galvanizing iron and as an electrolyte for electroplating. It is useful in organic synthesis, for example in the Friedel-Crafts acylatoin, Fisher indole synthesis, Lucas reagent (zinc chloride with HCl), activation of allylic/benzylic halides towards reaction with olefins or with sodium cyanoborohydride catalyzed reduction of halides, organozinc reagents for use in Negishi coupling, and aldol condensation reactions.

9.2 Usage: Zinc chloride is used as a catalyst, dehydrating and condensing agent, soldering flux, and metal etchant. It is also employed in preserving anatomical specimens, wood preservatives, deodorant, disinfecting and embalming materials. It is likewise employed as a mordant in printing and dyeing materials and in the vulcanizing processes of fiber and rubber. It is useful as an electrolyte in dry cell batteries, in metal industry, in galvanizing iron and as an electrolyte for electroplating. It is useful in organic synthesis, for example, in the Friedel-Crafts acylatoin, Fisher indole synthesis, Lucas reagent (zinc chloride with HCl), activation of allylic/benzylic halides towards reaction with olefins or with sodium cyanoborohydride catalyzed reduction of halides, organozinc reagents for use in Negishi coupling, and aldol condensation reactions.

9.3 Usage: Zinc(II) chloride is used as a catalyst, as a dehydrating and condensing agent, soldering flux and metal etchant. It is also employed in preserving anatomical specimens, wood preservatives, deodorant, disinfecting and embalming materials. It is employed as a mordant in printing and dyeing materials, and in the vulcanizing processes of fiber and rubber. It is useful as an electrolyte in dry cell batteries, in metal industry, in galvanizing iron and as an electrolyte for electroplating. It is useful in an organic synthesis, for example in the Friedel-crafts acylation, Fisher indole synthesis, Lucas reagent (zinc chloride with HCl), activation of allylic/benzylic halides towards reaction with olefins or with sodium cyanoborohydride catalyzed reduction of halides, organozinc reagents for use in Negishi coupling, and aldol condensation reactions.

10. Computational chemical data

Molecular Weight: 136.315g/mol
Molecular Formula: Cl₂Zn
Compound Is Canonicalized: True
XLogP3-AA: null
Exact Mass: 133.866847
Monoisotopic Mass: 133.866847
Complexity: 2.8
Rotatable Bond Count: 0
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 0
Topological Polar Surface Area: 0
Heavy Atom Count: 3
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
CACTVS Substructure Key Fingerprint: AAADcQAAAAAGAAACAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA==

11. Question & Answer

Is zinc chloride a viable substitute for zinc cyanide in brass plating processes? Apr 25 2022
I am owner/operator of a small plating company in Pittsburgh, Pa. I am having a problem with reddish color in brass plating process. Obvious cause is low zinc content in brass plating bath. Our solution is cyanide based, but zinc cyanide is expensive and the minimum order is more than I would use i...
How do you dispose of a zinc chloride solution? Mar 24 2022
collect powdered material in the most convenient and safe manner and place into sealed containers for disposal . DO NOT wash into sewer. Zinc Chloride is a severe marine pollutant that may cause long term adverse effects to the aquatic environment.
How do you get dry crystals of zinc chloride? Mar 12 2022
My suggestion is to first dry the zinc chloride by heating it while passing hydrogen chloride over it (traditional method.). Then dissolve it in boiling ethyl alcohol - zinc chloride is much less soluble in alcohol at room temperature, so it should crystallize.
Role of zinc chloride in reaction of ether Oct 13 2021
I am trying to do a reaction between acetyl chloride C H X 3 C O C l " style="position: relative;" tabindex="0" id="MathJax-Element-2-Frame" class="MathJax" C H X 3 C O C l C H X 3 C O C l with diethyl ether. I know that upon using anhydrous Z n C l X 2 " style="position: relative;" tabindex="0" id...

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