Zinc sulfate heptahydrate

Iupac Name：zinc;sulfate;heptahydrate

Molecular Weight：161.4716

Modify Date.: 2022-11-29 04:05

Introduction: (1) Zinc sulfate heptahydrate can be used as mordant dyeing, wood preservatives, paper bleaching agent, it can be also used in medicine, synthetic fibers, electrolysis, electroplating, pesticides and production of zinc, etc.(2) It can be used for the preparation of zinc medicine, astringents, etc.(3) It can be used as mordant, wood preservatives, bleach paper industry, it is also used in medicine, synthetic fibers, electrolysis, electroplating, pesticides and production of zinc, etc.(4) Zinc sulfate is zinc supplement of dietary, the component of many enzymes, proteins, such as ribose animals involved in carbohydrate and fat metabolism, and it can catalyze interconversion of pyruvate and lactate, it can promote growth. Zinc deficiency can lead to incomplete keratosis, stunted growth and deterioration of the hair, and it can affect animal reproductive function.(5) Zinc sulfate is allowed to use in food supplements of zinc. China allows to use it in salt, the used of amount is 500mg /kg; in foods for infants and young children is 113~318mg/kg; in dairy products is 130~250mg/kg; in grains and their products is 80~160rag/kg; in liquid and drink milk drinks is 22.5~44mg/kg.(6) It is mainly used for man-made fibers coagulating liquid. In printing and dyeing industry, it is used as mordant, salt-stained blue Lamine alkali agent. It is main raw material of manufacturing inorganic pigments (e.g. lithopone), other zinc salts (e.g. zinc stearate, basic zinc carbonate) and zinc-containing catalyst. It is used as wood preservatives and leather, bone glue clarifying and preserving agents. In pharmaceutical industry, it is used as emetic. It can also be used to prevent diseases and fruit tree nurseries and cable manufacturing zinc fertilizer and so on. It can be used as nutritional supplements (zinc enhancer) and the like in food-grade product.(7) It can be used as analytical reagents, mordant and the phosphor matrix. View more+

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1. Names and Identifiers

1.1 Name: Zinc sulfate heptahydrate
1.2 Synonyms: Cough. Sore throat. Shortness of breath. Redness. Redness. Pain. Loss of vision. Goslarite METHANOL ANHYDROUS ULTRA PURE GRADE MFCD00149894 Ophthazinc T SALT OF VITRIOL VasoClear A White vitriol Zinc sulfate heptahydrate White Vitrol zinc sulfate heptahydrate (1:1:7) ZINC SULFATE HEPTAHYDRATE CELL CULTU Zinc sulfate heptahydrate for analysis EMSURE ACS,ISO,Reag. Ph Eur ZINC SULFATE HEPTAHYDRATE PLANT CELL Zinc Sulfate Heptahydrate, Meets analytical specification of Ph. Eur.BP, USP, FCC Zinc Sulfate Heptahydrate, Reag. Ph. Eur. reag. ISO Zinc sulfate hydrate (1:1:7) ZINC SULFATE,ACS zinc sulphate 7-hydrate Zinc sulphate heptahydrate ZINC VITRIOL zinc(2+) sulfate heptahydrate ZINCI SULFAS

1.3 CAS No.: 7446-20-0

1.4 CID: 62640

1.5 EINECS(EC#): 231-793-3

1.6 Molecular Formula: H14O11SZn (isomer)

1.7 Inchi: InChI=1S/H2O4S.7H2O.Zn/c1-5(2,3)4;;;;;;;;/h(H2,1,2,3,4);7*1H2;/q;;;;;;;;+2/p-2

1.8 InChkey: RZLVQBNCHSJZPX-UHFFFAOYSA-L

1.9 Canonical Smiles: O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[O-]S(=O)(=O)[O-].[Zn+2]

1.10 Isomers Smiles: O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[O-]S(=O)(=O)[O-].[Zn+2]

2. Properties

2.1 Density: 1.957

2.1 Melting point: 100℃

2.1 Boiling point: 330 °C at 760 mmHg

2.1 Precise Quality: 285.95500

2.1 PSA: 153.25000

2.1 logP: -0.70980

2.1 Solubility: H2O: soluble100mg/mL, clear, colorless

2.2 Appearance: Liquid

2.3 Storage: Hygroscopic. Store under Argon. Ambient temperatures.

2.4 Chemical Properties: Colorless crystals, small needles, orgranular, crystalline powder; without odor; astringent,metallic taste. Efflorescent in air. Solutionsacid to litmus. Loses7H2O at 280C. Soluble in water and glycerol; insolublein alcohol.

2.5 Color/Form: Colorless, orthorhombic crystals

2.6 PH: 4-6 (50g/l, H2O, 20℃)

2.7 Water Solubility: H2O: 960 g/L

2.8 Stability: Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents. Hygroscopic - protect from moisture.

2.9 StorageTemp: Store at +5°C to +30°C.

3. Use and Manufacturing

3.1 Definition: ChEBI: A hydrate that is the heptahydrate form of zinc sulfate.

3.2 Purification Methods: Crystallise it from aqueous EtOH or dilute H2SO4 below 39o when it forms the heptahydrate, and between 39o and 70o it forms the hexahydrate, and above 70o the monohydrate is stable. The anhydrous salt is obtained from the hydrates by heating at 280o or lower temperatures in a current of dry air. It decomposes to ZnO and SO2 at 767o. The solubility of the heptahydrate in H2O is 5.88% at 0o, 61.92% at 30o, 66.61% at 35o and 70.05% at 39o. Zinc sulfate heptahydrate Preparation Products And Raw materials Raw materials

3.3 Usage: (1) Zinc sulfate heptahydrate can be used as mordant dyeing, wood preservatives, paper bleaching agent, it can be also used in medicine, synthetic fibers, electrolysis, electroplating, pesticides and production of zinc, etc.(2) It can be used for the preparation of zinc medicine, astringents, etc.(3) It can be used as mordant, wood preservatives, bleach paper industry, it is also used in medicine, synthetic fibers, electrolysis, electroplating, pesticides and production of zinc, etc.(4) Zinc sulfate is zinc supplement of dietary, the component of many enzymes, proteins, such as ribose animals involved in carbohydrate and fat metabolism, and it can catalyze interconversion of pyruvate and lactate, it can promote growth. Zinc deficiency can lead to incomplete keratosis, stunted growth and deterioration of the hair, and it can affect animal reproductive function.(5) Zinc sulfate is allowed to use in food supplements of zinc. China allows to use it in salt, the used of amount is 500mg /kg; in foods for infants and young children is 113~318mg/kg; in dairy products is 130~250mg/kg; in grains and their products is 80~160rag/kg; in liquid and drink milk drinks is 22.5~44mg/kg.(6) It is mainly used for man-made fibers coagulating liquid. In printing and dyeing industry, it is used as mordant, salt-stained blue Lamine alkali agent. It is main raw material of manufacturing inorganic pigments (e.g. lithopone), other zinc salts (e.g. zinc stearate, basic zinc carbonate) and zinc-containing catalyst. It is used as wood preservatives and leather, bone glue clarifying and preserving agents. In pharmaceutical industry, it is used as emetic. It can also be used to prevent diseases and fruit tree nurseries and cable manufacturing zinc fertilizer and so on. It can be used as nutritional supplements (zinc enhancer) and the like in food-grade product.(7) It can be used as analytical reagents, mordant and the phosphor matrix.

4. Safety and Handling

4.1 Symbol: GHS05, GHS07, GHS09

4.1 Hazard Codes: Xn

4.1 Signal Word: Danger

4.1 Risk Statements: R22;R41;R50/53

4.1 Safety Statements: S22;S26;S39;S46;S60;S61

4.1 Exposure Standards and Regulations: Drug products containing certain active ingredients offered over-the-counter (OTC) for certain uses. A number of active ingredients have been present in OTC drug products for various uses, as described below. However, based on evidence currently available, there are inadequate data to establish general recognition of the safety and effectiveness of these ingredients for the specified uses: zinc sulfate is included in skin protectant drug products (fever blister and cold sore treatment).

4.2 Packing Group: III

4.2 Other Preventative Measures: If material not on fire and not involved in fire: Keep material out of water sources and sewers. Build dikes to contain flow if necessary. Keep upwind. Avoid breathing vapors or dust. Wash away any material which may have contacted the body with copious amounts of water or soap and water.
SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.
Prevention ... /of metal fume fever/ is a matter of keeping exposure of workers below level of concn currently accepted as satisfactory for working with the metal in industry, preferably by employment of proper local exhaust ventilation to collect fumes at their source. Acceptable respirators are avail commercially but should be used only under suitable conditions. /Zinc/
In all cases where zinc is heated to the point where fume is produced, it is most important to ensure that adequate ventilation is provided. Individual protection is best ensured by education of the worker concerning metal-fume fever & the provision of local exhaust ventilation, or, in some situations by wearing of supplied-air hood or mask.

4.3 Hazard Class: 9.2

4.3 Hazard Declaration: H302-H318-H410

4.3 Cleanup Methods: Environmental considerations: Land spill: Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, or holding area to contain liquid or solid material. /SRP: If time permits, pits, ponds, lagoons, soak holes, or holding areas should be contained with a flexible impermeable membrane liner./ Cover solids with a plastic sheet to prevent dissolving in rain or fire fighting water.
Environmental considerations: Water spill: Neutralize with agricultural lime, crushed limestone or sodium bicarbonate. Add soda ash. Adjust pH to neutral (pH= 7). Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates.

4.4 DisposalMethods: SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.
Chemical Treatability of Zinc; Concentration Process: Ultrafiltration; Chemical Classification: Metals; Scale of Study: Continuous flow, pilot scale; Type of Wastewater Used: Industrial wastewater; Results of Study: 0.38 ppm effluent concentration. /Zinc/
Chemical Treatability of Zinc; Concentration Process: Miscellaneous sorbents; Chemical Classification: Metals; Scale of Study: Literature review; Type of Wastewater Used: Unknown; Results of Study: Final concentration reduced to 0.1 ppb; SiO2 + CaO slags used. /Zinc/
The proprietary Sulfex process (Permutit Co) has been applied to zinc wastes. The process involves addition of ferrous sulfide, which gradually releases sulfide to precipitate the zinc ... . /Zinc/
In the case where zinc removal is the only consideration and recovery is not warranted, removal by precipitation can be accomplished by standard pH adjustment through lime addition, precipitation and flocculation, and sedimentation, employing standard waste treatment equipment, operating data for existing chemical precipitation units indicate that levels of 1 mg/l or less of zinc are readily obtainable with lime precipitation, although assurance of consistent removal of precipitated zinc to lower levels from the effluent stream may require filtration. /Zinc/
Chemical Treatability of Zinc; Concentration Process: Chemical precipitation; Chemical Classification: Metals; Scale of Study: Literature review; Type of Wastewater Used: Unknown; Results of Study: 10.6% reduction by sedimentation. /Zinc/
Chemical Treatability of Zinc; Concentration Process: Biological Treatment; Chemical Classification: Metals; 1) Scale of Study: Literature review; Type of Wastewater Used: Unknown; Results of Study: 89% reduction; Activated sludge process. 2) Scale of Study: full scale; Type of Wastewater Used: domestic wastewater; Results of Study: 20-91% reduction achieved; Survey of municipal wastewater treatment plants. 3) Scale of Study: Continuous flow and pilot scale; Type of Wastewater Used: domestic wastewater; Results of Study: 13-14% reduction in primary treatment. 4) Scale of Study: Laboratory scale; Type of Wastewater Used: Synthetic wastewater; Results of Study: Biological growth inhibited; Study of nitrosomas bacteria. 5) Scale of Study: Continuous flow and full scale; Type of Wastewater Used: Domestic wastewater; Results of Study: 60% reduction; Activated sludge process. 6) Scale of Study: Laboratory scale; Type of Wastewater Used: Synthetic wastewater; Results of Study: Oxygen uptake inhibited. 7) Scale of Study: Literature review; Type of Wastewater Used: Unknown; Results of Study: 57% reduction; Activated sludge process. /Zinc/
Chemical Treatability of Zinc; Concentration Process: Chemical precipitation; Chemical Classification: Metals; 1) Scale of Study: Pilot scale; Type of Wastewater Used: Synthetic wastewater; Results of Study: 1% reduction with alum; 3 coagulants used: 220 ppm of alum at pH= 6.4. 40 ppm of ferric chloride at pH= 6.2; 415 ppm of lime at pH= 11.5; chemical coagulation was followed by dual media filtration. 2) Scale of Study: Laboratory scale, continuous flow; Type of Wastewater Used: Synthetic wastewater; Results of Study: 100% reduction with lime; Lime dose of 50 ppm added. 3) Scale of Study: Pilot scale; Type of Wastewater Used: Domestic wastewater and pure compound (one solute in a solvent) Results of Study: Iron system - 63% reduction, low lime system - 85% reduction; High lime system - 76% reduction; 3 coagulant systems were used: Iron system used 45 ppm as Fe of Fe2(SO4)3 at pH= 6.0. Low lime system used 20 ppm as Fe of Fe2 (SO4)3 and 260 ppm of CaO at pH= 10.0. High lime system used 600 ppm of CaO at pH= 11.5. Chemical coagulation was followed by multimedia filtration. 4) Scale of Study: Full scale, continuous flow; Type of Wastewater Used: Domestic wastewater; Results of Study: 90% reduction with lime (full scale); 37% reduction with lime (continuous flow); Lime dose of 350-400 ppm as calcium oxide at pH= 11.3. 5) Scale of Study: Literature review; Type of Wastewater Used: Unknown; Results of Study: 10.6% reduction by sedimentation. 6) Scale of Study: Literature review; Type of Wastewater Used: Unknown; Results of Study: 91.4% reduction with lime; Lime dose of 400 ppm added. /Zinc/
Chemical Treatability of Zinc; Concentration Process: Reverse osmosis; Chemical Classification: Metals; Scale of Study: Batch flow; Type of Wastewater Used: Pure compound (one solute in a solvent); Results of Study: 1) 96.6% reduction with C/PEI membrane at pH= 8.0 100% reduction with C/PEI membrane at pH= 11.0; CA membrane operated at 400 psig and 16-22 deg C. 2) Results of Study: 96.9%-99.5% reduction with CA membrane; CA membrane operated at 400 psig and 16-22% deg C. /Zinc/
Chemical Treatability of Zinc; Concentration Process: Activated carbon; Chemical Classification: Metals; Scale of Study: Full scale continuous flow; Type of Wastewater Used: (not stated); 1) Results of Study: 81% reduction; 124 ppb effluent concentration; Carbon used as advanced treatment of biologically and chemically treated wastewater. Plant capacity 0.66 cu m/sec. Data presented for two time periods. 2) Results of Study: 61% reduction; 162 ppb effluent concentration; Carbon used as advanced treatment of biologically and chemically treated wastewater. Plant capacity 0.66 cu m/sec. Data presented for two time periods. /Zinc/
Disposal procedures for spills include ferric hydroxide precipitation and cement-based fixation processes; the latter method is very effective in rendering zinc contaminants insoluble (Dawson and Mercer 1986). Unsalvageable zinc waste may be buried in an approved landfill while salvageable zinc is typically recycled.

4.5 RIDADR: UN 3077

4.5 Fire Fighting Procedures: If material on fire or involved in fire: Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire. Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty.

4.6 FirePotential: Non-combustible

4.7 Safety Profile: Human poison by anunspecified route. Poison experimentally bysubcutaneous, intravenous, andintraperitoneal routes. Moderately toxic byingestion. Experimental reproductiveeffects. When heated to decomposition itemits toxic fumes of SOx and ZnO. See alsoZINC SULFATE.

4.8 Caution Statement: P273-P280-P305 + P351 + P338-P501

4.8 Formulations/Preparations: Grades: Technical; USP; reagent. /Heptahydrate/
Fertilizer solutions are sold on the basis of 10-12% elemental zinc content
Neozin (American optical): solution (sterile) 0.25% with phenylephrine hydrochloride 0.125% and benzalkonium chloride 0.004% in 15 mL containers (nonprescription).
Optised (Professional Pharmacal): solution (sterile) 0.25% with phenylephrine hydrochloride 0.125% and benzalkonium chloride 1:10000 in 15 mL containers (nonprescription).
Prefrin-Z (Allergan): solution (sterile) 0.25% with phenylephrine hydrochloride 0.12%, polyvinyl alcohol 1.4%, sodium bisulfite, sodium citrate, sodium chloride, sodium hydroxide and thimerosal 0.005% in 15 mL containers.
Visine-AC (Leeming): solution (sterile, isotonic) 0.25% with tetrahydrozoline hydrochloride 0.05%, boric acid, sodium citrate, sodium chloride, edetate disodium 0.1% and benzalkonium chloride 0.01% in 15 mL and 30 mL containers (nonprescription).
Zincfrin (Alcon/BP): solution (sterile) 0.25% with phenylephrine hydrochloride 0.12% and benzalkonium chloride 0.01% in 15 mL containers (nonprescription).
Op-Thal-Zin (Alcon). Solution (sterile) 0.25% with benzalkonium chloride 0.01% in 15 ml containers (nonprescription).
Zinc sulfate, basic: monohydrate ... zinc content 20%
Zinc sulfate ophthalmic solution: 0.217% Eye-Sed ... Zinc sulfate combination ophthalmic solutions: 0.25% with naphazoline hydrochloride 0.02%: VasoClear A ... 0.25% with Phenylephrine hydrochloride 0.12%: Phenylzin ... 0.25% with tetrahydrozoline hydrochloride 0.05%: Collyrium 2 Eye Drops ... .
Zinc sulfate preparations: Baths: zinc sulfate Bath ... Eye Lotions: Collyrium Zinc Luteum ... Collyrium Zinc Sulfuric ...
Zinc sulfate preparations: Eye-drops: ... Zinc Sulfate & Adrenaline Eye-drops ... Irrigations: Zinc Sulfate Irrigation ... Lotions: Zinc sulfate Lotions ... Zinc Sulfate Lotion ... Mouth-washes: Zinc Sulfate and Zinc Chloride Mouth-wash ...
Copper and Zinc Sulfate Lotion ...
Trade Names: Bonazen, Medizinc, Bufopto Zinc Sulfate, Caswell-No-927, Op-thal-zin, Optraex, Solvenzinc, Verazinc, Zincate, Zincomed, Zincosite, A13-03967, Orazinc, Zinc-200, Zinclet, Neozin, Optised, Prefrin-Z, Visine-AC, Zincfrin, Zinc-Gro: Zincosite
ZnSO4 is available as the mono-, hexa-, and heptahydrates with zinc contents of 36, 24, and 22%, respectively. The principal commercial preparation of zinc sulfate is the monohydrate granular (36% of zinc) ...
Ophthalmic: Solution: 0.25% with Naphazoline Hydrochloride 0.012%, Clear Eyes ACR ( with benzalkonium chloride and glycerin; viscous), (Prestige); 0.25% with Tetrahydrozoline Hydrochloride 0.05% Visine A.C. ( with benzalkonium chloride and edetate disodium), (Pfizer).

4.9 WGK Germany: 3

4.9 RTECS: ZH5300000

4.9 Protective Equipment and Clothing: ... Recommended appropriate protective equipment including protective eyewear, long-sleeved shirts and long-legged pants, rubber gloves, and boots. /zinc salts/
/NIOSH approved respirator/; goggles or face shield; protective gloves.

4.10 Report: ?Zinc and its compounds are on the Community Right-To-Know List.

4.11 Skin, Eye, and Respiratory Irritations: Zinc salts of strong mineral acids are astringent, corrosive to skin ... /Zinc salts/
Inhalation of dust causes irritation of nose and throat. ... Contact with eyes or skin causes irritation.

4.12 Safety: Safety Information of ZINC SULFATE HEPTAHYDRATE(7446-20-0):
Hazard Codes:Xn ,N
Risk Statements:22-41-50/53-36/38
22:Harmful if swallowed.
41:Risk of serious damage to eyes.
50/53:Very toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment.
36/38:Irritating to eyes and skin
Safety Statements:22-26-39-46-60-61-25
22:Do not breathe dust.
26:In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice.
39:Wear eye/face protection.
46:If swallowed, seek medical advice immediately and show this container or label.
60:This material and its container must be disposed of as hazardous waste.
61:Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions/safety data sheets.
25:Avoid contact with eyes
RIDADR:UN 3077 9/PG 3
WGK Germany:3
RTECS:ZH5300000
HS Code:28332600
Human poison by an unspecified route. Poison experimentally by subcutaneous, intravenous, and intraperitoneal routes. Moderately toxic by ingestion. Experimental reproductive effects. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of SO_x and ZnO. See also ZINC SULFATE.

4.13 Specification: First Aid Measures of?Zinc sulfate heptahydrate (CAS NO.7446-20-0):
Eyes:Flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids. Get medical aid.
Skin:Get medical aid. Flush skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes.
Ingestion:Get medical aid. Wash mouth out with water.
Inhalation:Remove from exposure and move to fresh air immediately. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical aid.

4.14 Toxicity: LD50 orally in Rabbit: 1260 mg/kg

5. MSDS

2.Hazard identification

2.1 Classification of the substance or mixture

Acute toxicity - Oral, Category 4

Serious eye damage, Category 1

Hazardous to the aquatic environment, short-term (Acute) - Category Acute 1

Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term (Chronic) - Category Chronic 1

2.2 GHS label elements, including precautionary statements

Pictogram(s)
Signal word	Danger
Hazard statement(s)	H302 Harmful if swallowed H318 Causes serious eye damage H410 Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects
Precautionary statement(s)
Prevention	P264 Wash ... thoroughly after handling. P270 Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product. P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. P273 Avoid release to the environment.
Response	P301+P312 IF SWALLOWED: Call a POISON CENTER/doctor/\u2026if you feel unwell. P330 Rinse mouth. P305+P351+P338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. P310 Immediately call a POISON CENTER/doctor/\u2026 P391 Collect spillage.
Storage	none
Disposal	P501 Dispose of contents/container to ...

2.3 Other hazards which do not result in classification

none

View all

6. Other Information

6.0 Merck: 14,10159

6.1 Outline: At room temperature, zinc sulfate heptahydrate is white particles or powder, it is orthorhombic crystal, it has convergence, it is common astringent, it will weathering in dry air. When be heated 30℃, it can lose a part of crystal water, at 100℃ it loses six crystal water molecules, it loses seven crystal water molecules at 280℃, it decomposes into zinc oxide and sulfur trioxide at 767℃. It is soluble in water, slightly soluble in ethanol and glycerol. It requires confined preservation. It is mainly used as raw material for the production of zinc, barium and other zinc saline, it is also important auxiliary raw material for the viscose fiber and vinylon fiber, it can be also used as mordant dyeing, leather and wood preservative, glue clarifying and preserving agents, medical emetic and fungicides, it can be used for trace element fertilizers on agriculture.

6.2 Uses: (1) Zinc sulfate heptahydrate can be used as mordant dyeing, wood preservatives, paper bleaching agent, it can be also used in medicine, synthetic fibers, electrolysis, electroplating, pesticides and production of zinc, etc.
(2) It can be used for the preparation of zinc medicine, astringents, etc.
(3) It can be used as mordant, wood preservatives, bleach paper industry, it is also used in medicine, synthetic fibers, electrolysis, electroplating, pesticides and production of zinc, etc.
(4) Zinc sulfate is zinc supplement of dietary, the component of many enzymes, proteins, such as ribose animals involved in carbohydrate and fat metabolism, and it can catalyze interconversion of pyruvate and lactate, it can promote growth. Zinc deficiency can lead to incomplete keratosis, stunted growth and deterioration of the hair, and it can affect animal reproductive function.
(5) Zinc sulfate is allowed to use in food supplements of zinc. China allows to use it in salt, the used of amount is 500mg /kg; in foods for infants and young children is 113~318mg/kg; in dairy products is 130~250mg/kg; in grains and their products is 80~160rag/kg; in liquid and drink milk drinks is 22.5~44mg/kg.
(6) It is mainly used for man-made fibers coagulating liquid. In printing and dyeing industry, it is used as mordant, salt-stained blue Lamine alkali agent. It is main raw material of manufacturing inorganic pigments (e.g. lithopone), other zinc salts (e.g. zinc stearate, basic zinc carbonate) and zinc-containing catalyst. It is used as wood preservatives and leather, bone glue clarifying and preserving agents. In pharmaceutical industry, it is used as emetic. It can also be used to prevent diseases and fruit tree nurseries and cable manufacturing zinc fertilizer and so on. It can be used as nutritional supplements (zinc enhancer) and the like in food-grade product.
(7) It can be used as analytical reagents, mordant and the phosphor matrix.

6.3 Toxicity: Referrence zinc sulfate monohydrate.

6.4 Waste battery preparation: The zinc skin of battery is peeled off and washed, then it is put into a beaker, it is cut into small pieces, add water, add concentrated sulfuric acid, properly be heated. If zinc skin dissolves completely, then adds zinc skin, zinc skin is generally control slight excess, this is better handled. Zinc sulfate solution is heated to evaporate, zinc sulfate heptahydrate is crystallized out, it is dried at 120℃, and then dried finished product can be obtained.

6.5 Production method: (1) Synthesis method: 18% sulfuric acid was added into to dissolve the dross of dilute solution in reactor, with stirring zinc oxide (or zinc raw material) was added to adjust slurry. Then adds sulfuric acid, the reaction occurs in a stirred acidproof reactor, Ph is controlled at 5.1, it is the end of the reaction, concentration is about 38°Bé. The reaction is filtered, it is heated to 80℃, the addition of zinc to displace copper, cadmium, nickel, then it is filtered, and the filtrate is heated to above 80℃, potassium permanganate (or bleach) is added and heated to boil, the impurity of iron oxide, manganese is oxidated, it is filtered and the filtrate was clarified, then it is evaporated to 49~52 ° Bé, it goes through cooling and crystallization, centrifugal dewatering, drying to obtain zinc sulfate heptahydrate. its
ZnO + H2SO4 → ZnSO4 + H2O
(2) Zinc material is slowly added into diluted sulfuric acid which the relative density is 1.16, temperature is controlled at 80~90℃, after about 2h, Ph value of solution is 5.1 to 5.4, after reaction, the relative density of solution is about 1.35; and then adds small amount of high manganese bleach or potassium, iron, manganese oxide precipitation, filtration spoil the ,filtrate is put into the replacement bucket, then adds small amount of zinc powder and it is stirred at 75~90℃ for 40~50min, replacement of heavy metals copper, lead, cadmium and other impurities. After filtration, the filtrate is oxidated by small amount of bleach or potassium permanganate, further removes small amounts of iron, manganese, and it is filtered to get zinc sulfate solution which relative density is 1.28 to 1.32. This solution is cooled in the crystallizer kettle crystalline for 2~3d, after fractional crystallization, dry finished product is obtained which spin-dried at 40~50℃.
ZnO + H2SO4 → ZnSO4 + H2O
(3) Zinc material is slowly added into diluted sulfuric acid which the relative density is 1.16, temperature is controlled at 80~90℃, after about 2h, Ph value of solution is 5.1 to 5.4, after reaction, the relative density of solution is about 1.35; and then adds small amount of high manganese bleach or potassium, iron, manganese oxide precipitation, filtration spoil the ,filtrate is put into the replacement bucket, then adds small amount of zinc powder and it is stirred at 75~90℃ for 40~50min, replacement of heavy metals copper, lead, cadmium and other impurities. After filtration, the filtrate is oxidated by small amount of bleach or potassium permanganate, further removes small amounts of iron, manganese, and it is filtered to get zinc sulfate solution which relative density is 1.28 to 1.32. This solution is cooled in the crystallizer kettle crystalline for 2~3d, after fractional crystallization, dry finished product is obtained which spin-dried at 40~50℃.

6.6 Chemical Properties: Colorless crystals, small needles, or granular, crystalline powder; without odor; astringent, metallic taste. Efflorescent in air. Solutions acid to litmus. Loses 7H2O at 280C. Soluble in water and glycerol; insoluble in alcohol.

6.7 Uses: zinc sulfate is a cosmetic astringent and biocide produced through the reaction of sulfuric acid with zinc. It can cause irritation to the skin and mucous membranes, and may cause an allergic reaction.

6.8 Uses: Preparation of complexometric titrant

6.9 Uses: As mordant in calico-printing; preserving wood and skins; with hypochlorite for bleaching paper; manufacture of lithopone and other zinc salts; clarifying glue; electrodepositing Zn; also as reagent in analytical chemistry.

6.10 Uses: Zinc sulfate (ZnSO4?7H2O) is also known as zinc vitriol or white copper. In addition to being used to make rayon, zinc sulfate is used as a wood preservative, a dietary supplement, an animal feed, and as a mordant to prevent dyes from running in printed textiles. It can also be used to stanch bleeding.

6.11 Definition: ChEBI: A hydrate that is the heptahydrate form of zinc sulfate.

6.12 Brand name: Verazinc (Forest).

6.13 General Description: Zinc sulfate heptahydrate has various industrial applications. It is widely employed as an electrolyte for zinc electroplating and for the storage of solar energy in various solar appliances. Its crystals exhibit diamagnetism.

6.14 Storage features: Well closed. Store in an area without drain or sewer access.

6.15 Fire Hazards: Not combustible.

6.16 Spillage Disposal: Personal protection: particulate filter respirator adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Sweep spilled substance into covered containers. Carefully collect remainder. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

6.17 Inhalation Risk: Evaporation at 20 °C is negligible; a harmful concentration of airborne particles can, however, be reached quickly when dispersed.

6.18 Effects Of Short Term Exposure: The substance is irritating to the eyes, skin and respiratory tract.

6.19 Exposure Prevention: PREVENT DISPERSION OF DUST!

6.20 Inhalation Prevention: Use local exhaust or breathing protection.

6.21 Skin Prevention: Protective gloves.

6.22 Eye Pprevention: Wear safety goggles.

6.23 First Aid

Fresh air, rest. Artificial respiration may be needed.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower.

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

6.24 Symptoms

Cough. Sore throat. Shortness of breath.

Redness.

Redness. Pain. Loss of vision.

6.25 Production: 100,000 - 500,000 lb

6.26 Manufacturing Info: Textiles, apparel, and leather manufacturing

6.27 Usage: Zinc sulfate heptahydrate is widely used as a coagulant in the production of rayon. It finds an application in the manufacturing of calico printing, wood preservation and lithopone. It is the source of zinc which is supplied in animal feeds, fertilizers and agricultural sprays. It is utilized as electrolytes for zinc plating and surface treating agents. It is also used as a mordant in dyeing, preservative for skin and leather and in medicine as an astringent and emetic.

7. Computational chemical data

Molecular Weight: 161.4716g/mol
Molecular Formula: H₁₄O₁₁SZn
Compound Is Canonicalized: True
XLogP3-AA: null
Exact Mass: 285.954824
Monoisotopic Mass: 285.954824
Complexity: 62.2
Rotatable Bond Count: 0
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 7
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 11
Topological Polar Surface Area: 95.6
Heavy Atom Count: 13
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
Isotope Atom Count: 0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 9
CACTVS Substructure Key Fingerprint: AAADccAAPABAAAACAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAACAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAADAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA==