Fluoruro de hidrógeno

El fluoruro de hidrógeno es un líquido o gas incoloro, humeante, con un olor agudo y penetrante y alta volatilidad; tiene un punto de ebullición de 19,5 °C y un punto de fusión de –83,6 °C. Es un ácido inorgánico y uno de los donantes de protones más fuertes conocidos, aunque existe como oligómeros unidos por puentes de hidrógeno tanto en fase líquida como acuosa. Industrialmente, el fluoruro de hidrógeno sirve principalmente como agente fluorante clave y catalizador en la síntesis orgánica e inorgánica, especialmente en la producción de compuestos organofluorados, fluoropolímeros (por ejemplo, politetrafluoroetileno) y refrigerantes. Es esencial para la fabricación de fluoruro de aluminio destinado a la fundición de aluminio, hexafluoruro de uranio para el procesamiento de combustible nuclear y componentes de gasolina de alto índice de octano mediante alquilación. Sus principales áreas de aplicación incluyen polímeros fluorados, refrigerantes, agroquímicos, productos farmacéuticos y productos químicos inorgánicos especializados.

(1) Hydrofluoric acid is mainly used as the raw materials of fluorine compounds, also used in the manufacture of aluminum fluoride and cryolite. Moreover, it can be applied to semiconductor surface etching and used as alkylation catalyst.In the electronics industry, it can be used as a strong acid corrosion agent, being able to be used in conjunction with nitric acid, acetic acid, ammonia and hydrogen peroxide.(2) It can be used as analytical reagents, but also for the preparation of high purity fluoride.(3) It is the indispensable fluoride source for fluorine salts, fluorine refrigerants, fluorine plastics, fluorine rubber and fluorine medicine and pesticides.(4) It is the raw materials for the production of refrigerants, "Freon", fluorine-containing resins, organic fluoride and fluoride. In chemical production, it can be used as the catalysts of the organic synthesis such as alkylation, polymerization, condensation and isomerization. (5) It can also be used for corrosion of stratum upon the exploitation of certain deposits as well as the extraction of rare earth elements and radioactive elements. In the atomic energy industry and nuclear weapons production, it is the raw materials for the manufacture of uranium hexafluoride. It is also the raw materials for the production of rocket fuel and additives. Moreover, it can also be used for corrosion of glass and impregnation of wood.(6) It is used for the manufacture of organic or inorganic fluoride, such as fluorocarbons, sodium fluoride, aluminum fluoride, uranium hexafluoride and cryolite. It can also be applied to stainless steel, non-ferrous metal pickling, glass instrumentation scale, glassware and the engraving and lettering of mirror as well as glassware polishing, frosted bulb and general bulb treatment, silicon-removing purification of metal graphite, desanding of the metal casting, the removal of the graphite ash and the manufacturing of semiconductor (germanium, silicon) manufacturing. It can also be used for dye synthesis and used as the catalyst for other organic synthesis. It can also used for electroplating, reagents, fermentation, ceramic processing and the manufacturing of fluorine-containing resin and flame retardant.(7) It can be used for etching glass, pickling metal and production of inorganic fluoride products and chemical reagents.(8) It can be applied to the atomic energy industry and the production of fluorine and fluoride. It can also used as catalyst, fluorinating agent for the manufacturing of organic or inorganic fluoride. Moreover, it can be applied to the pickling of stainless steel and non-ferrous metal, the scrub and pickling of glassware as well as the processing of frosted bulb.
gas incoloro con un olor acre

Este producto químico está incluido en Productos Químicos Básicos-Fluoroquímicos. Consulte más información sobre qué es Fluoruro de hidrógeno y la información SDS de Fluoruro de hidrógeno.

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