Hydrogen fluoride

Hydrogen fluoride is a colorless, fuming liquid or gas with a sharp, pungent odor and high volatility; it has a boiling point of 19.5 °C and a melting point of –83.6 °C. It is an inorganic acid and one of the strongest known proton donors, though it exists as hydrogen-bonded oligomers in both liquid and aqueous phases. Industrially, hydrogen fluoride serves primarily as a key fluorinating agent and catalyst in organic and inorganic synthesis, notably in the production of fluorocarbons, fluoropolymers (e.g., polytetrafluoroethylene), and refrigerants. It is essential in manufacturing aluminum fluoride for aluminum smelting, uranium hexafluoride for nuclear fuel processing, and high-octane gasoline components via alkylation. Its principal application areas include fluorinated polymers, refrigerants, agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, and specialty inorganic chemicals.

(1) Hydrofluoric acid is mainly used as the raw materials of fluorine compounds, also used in the manufacture of aluminum fluoride and cryolite. Moreover, it can be applied to semiconductor surface etching and used as alkylation catalyst.In the electronics industry, it can be used as a strong acid corrosion agent, being able to be used in conjunction with nitric acid, acetic acid, ammonia and hydrogen peroxide.(2) It can be used as analytical reagents, but also for the preparation of high purity fluoride.(3) It is the indispensable fluoride source for fluorine salts, fluorine refrigerants, fluorine plastics, fluorine rubber and fluorine medicine and pesticides.(4) It is the raw materials for the production of refrigerants, "Freon", fluorine-containing resins, organic fluoride and fluoride. In chemical production, it can be used as the catalysts of the organic synthesis such as alkylation, polymerization, condensation and isomerization. (5) It can also be used for corrosion of stratum upon the exploitation of certain deposits as well as the extraction of rare earth elements and radioactive elements. In the atomic energy industry and nuclear weapons production, it is the raw materials for the manufacture of uranium hexafluoride. It is also the raw materials for the production of rocket fuel and additives. Moreover, it can also be used for corrosion of glass and impregnation of wood.(6) It is used for the manufacture of organic or inorganic fluoride, such as fluorocarbons, sodium fluoride, aluminum fluoride, uranium hexafluoride and cryolite. It can also be applied to stainless steel, non-ferrous metal pickling, glass instrumentation scale, glassware and the engraving and lettering of mirror as well as glassware polishing, frosted bulb and general bulb treatment, silicon-removing purification of metal graphite, desanding of the metal casting, the removal of the graphite ash and the manufacturing of semiconductor (germanium, silicon) manufacturing. It can also be used for dye synthesis and used as the catalyst for other organic synthesis. It can also used for electroplating, reagents, fermentation, ceramic processing and the manufacturing of fluorine-containing resin and flame retardant.(7) It can be used for etching glass, pickling metal and production of inorganic fluoride products and chemical reagents.(8) It can be applied to the atomic energy industry and the production of fluorine and fluoride. It can also used as catalyst, fluorinating agent for the manufacturing of organic or inorganic fluoride. Moreover, it can be applied to the pickling of stainless steel and non-ferrous metal, the scrub and pickling of glassware as well as the processing of frosted bulb.
It appears as colorless fuming liquid. It is intensively exothermic when being dissolved in water and further become hydrofluoric acid.

This chemical is included in Basic Chemicals - Fluorochemicals. See more about what is Hydrogen fluoride and Hydrogen fluoride SDS information.

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