ホルムアミド

ホルムアミドは、室温で無色・無臭・吸湿性の液体であり、沸点が高く（210 °C）、揮発性が低い。これは極性を有するアミド官能基を含む有機化合物であり、一次アミドに分類される。広範な溶媒および合成中間体として利用されており、その強い水素結合能と熱的安定性により、医薬品、農薬、ヘテロ環化合物（プリンおよびピリミジン誘導体を含む）の合成において価値が高い。ホルムアミドは、ホルム酸、シアン化水素および各種染料の製造における重要な前駆体であり、さらにポリマー加工、電子機器製造および特殊コーティングにおける溶媒としても応用されている。

It can be used as the raw material for synthesizing imidazole, pyrimidine, 1, 3, 5-triazine, caffeine as well as the solvents for making spinning of acrylonitrile copolymer and plastic anti-static coating, etc. Formamide has active reactive and special dissolving capability. It can be used as the raw material for organic synthesis, paper processing agents, softening agent of fiber industry and animal glue as well as being used as the analytical reagent for measuring the amino acid content of rice. In the field of organic synthesis, it has most application in medicine as well as a lot of applications in other fields such as pesticides, dyes, pigments, fragrances and additives. It is also a kind of excellent organic solvent and is mainly applied to the spinning of acrylonitrile copolymers and ion exchange resins and plastics antistatic coating or conductive coating. In addition, it can also be used for separating chlorosilane and purifying grease. Formamide can have various kinds of reactions, in addition to have its three hydrogen atoms participate in the reaction, can also be subject to dehydration, CO removal, the introduction of an amino group, an acyl group and cyclization reaction. Take cyclization as an example, diethyl malonate can have cyclization reaction with formamide to generate the intermediate of vitamin B4, the 4, 6-dihydroxypyrimidine. O-aminobenzoic acid can have cyclization reaction with formamide to generate the quinazolinone-4 which is the intermediate for the synthesis of antiarrhythmic drug phenantrolihne. 3--amino-4-ethoxycarbonyl-pyrazole can have cyclization reaction with formamide to generate the inhibitor of the xanthine oxidase, allopurinol. EDTA can have cyclization reaction with formamide to give anti-cancer drugs ethylenediamine. Methyl ethyl methoxymalonate can have cyclization reaction with formamide to generate the intermediate of sulfonamide drug, 5-methoxy-4, 6-dihydroxy pyrimidine disodium.It can be used as analytical reagents, solvents and softening agents as well as being used in organic synthesis.It can be applied to medicine and pesticide industry.

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